289 N.C. 286 | N.C. | 1976
The ultimate relief sought by Southern Bell on this appeal is reversal of the Commission’s Order and remand to the Commission for further findings and a new order in accordance with legal principles that Southern Bell contends should govern this proceeding. The Commission, Southern Bell contends, erred in that it: (1) failed to find Southern Bell’s cost of equity capital as a material fact prerequisite to setting a fair rate of return on the utility’s rate base; (2) understated the rate base by improperly excluding therefrom certain amounts for materials and supplies and cash working capital; (3) understated revenues obtainable under the new rates by (a) disallowing charitable contributions as an operating expense, (b) improperly allocating certain interest expense of Southern Bell’s parent company, American Telephone and Telegraph Company, to Southern Bell, and (c) erroneously calculating the amount of the allocated interest expense; and (4) illegally issued its Order several days beyond the period prescribed in General Statute 62-134(b).
Although it is not in the record before us, we have no hesitancy in taking notice of this latter proceeding. “The device of judicial notice is available to an appellate court as well as a trial court. ...” 1 Stansbury’s North Carolina Evidence § 11 (Brandis Rev. 1973). This Court has recognized in the past that important public documents will be judicially noticed. Staton v. R.R., 144 N.C. 135, 145, 56 S.E. 794, 797 (1907) (railroad reports to the Corporation Commission judicially noticed) ; 1 Stansbury’s North Carolina Evidence § 13 (Brandis Rev. 1973). Consideration of matters outside the record is especially appropriate where it would disclose that the question presented has become moot, or academic, and therefore neither of the litigants has any real interest in supplementing the record. In re Estate of Thomas, 243 N.C. 783, 92 S.E. 2d 201 (1956).
The Commission’s 1975 Order makes this appeal moot. “When, pending an appeal to this Court, a development occurs, by reason of which the questions originally in controversy between the parties are no longer at issue, the appeal will be dismissed for the reason that this Court will not entertain or proceed with a cause merely to determine abstract propositions of law or to determine which party should rightly have won in the lower court.” Parent-Teacher Association v. Board of Education, 275 N.C. 675, 170 S.E. 2d 473 (1969). Cf. Crew v. Thompson, 266 N.C. 476, 146 S.E. 2d 471 (1966); Cochran v. Rowe, 225 N.C. 645, 36 S.E. 2d 75 (1945). Note, “Cases Moot
In the case now before us all questions raised have been rendered academic by the Commission’s 1975 Order. Because of this 1975 Order no further order in the instant proceeding could be made by the Commission in favor of Southern Bell. All of the Commission’s findings in this proceeding have been superseded by its findings in the 1975 Order. N. C. Gen. Stats. 62-130 (d), 62-133, and 62-134. Were we to agree with any one or all of Southern Bell’s contentions on this appeal, reverse and remand the case as Southern Bell asks, no further proceedings before the Commission would in fact take place. Were it not for the 1975 Order the Commission conceivably in this proceeding on remand could allow appellant additional rate increases. Because of the 1975 Order this would not be possible. We will not further entertain the cause “merely to determine abstract propositions of law.” Parent-Teacher Association v. Board of Education, supra.
Although the mootness doctrine in federal courts is primarily grounded in the “case” or “controversy” requirement of Article III, § 2 of the United States Constitution, the case of United States v. Anchor Coal Co., 279 U.S. 812 (1929) is sufficiently analogous to the instant situation to support our determination of mootness. The facts in that case, known as the “Lake Cargo Rate Case,” are set out in Arnold, “Trial by Combat and the New Deal,” 47 Harv. L. Rev. 913, 915 (1934) as follows:
. . . [T]he entire coal industries of Pennsylvania and West Virginia were awaiting an interpretation of the Interstate Commerce Act. A bitter dispute was in process of litigation. The Interstate Commerce Commission had been enjoined from requiring a certain differential between West Virginia and Pennsylvania coal mines. In order to clarify the situation pending an appeal, a compromise rate had been approved. This was considered by the parties to be only a necessary compromise until the Supreme Court could make its decision. Instead of deciding the question . . . the Supreme Court held that no “issues” were before it.
The Supreme Court held that because of the intervening compromise rate order the controversy was “no longer a subject appropriate for judicial action.” 279 U.S. at 813. In the case
The short of it is that because of the Commission’s 1975 Order a dispute between the parties to this appeal no longer exists.
When a case becomes moot while on appeal, the usual disposition is simply to dismiss the appeal. Parent-Teacher Association v. Board of Education, supra. This procedure, however, leaves the decision of the Court of Appeals undisturbed as a precedent when, but for intervening mootness, it might not have remained so. While we express no opinion as to its correctness, the better practice in this circumstance is to vacate the decision of the Court of Appeals. See Note, “Cases Moot on Appeal: A Limit on the Judicial Power,” swpra at 793-94. As the appeal is to be dismissed for reasons arising subsequent to a proper notice of appeal, each party will pay its own costs in this Court. Costs in the Court of Appeals will stand as heretofore determined. Cf. Wikel v. Board of Commissioners, 120 N.C. 451, 27 S.E. 117 (1897).
Appeal dismissed. Decision of Court of Appeals vacated.