54 Ind. 450 | Ind. | 1876
In this action, the relators of the appellant sued the appellees, in the court below, on the official bond of the appellee Nathaniel Prime, as sheriff of Howard county, Indiana. *
The complaint was in two paragraphs, to each of which appellees demurred, upon the ground of objection that it did not state facts sufficient to constitute a cause of action. These demurrers were sustained by the court below, and to these decisions the relators of the appellant excepted. And the relators of the appellant failing and refusing to plead further, judgment was rendered upon the demurrers by the court below.
In this court, the decisions of the court below upon these demurrers are the only errors assigned by the relators of the appellant. To the proper determination of the questions presented by the errors thus assigned, a summary, at least, of the material facts averred in each
In the first paragraph, after stating that appellee Nathaniel Prime was duly elected sheriff' of Howard county, and that he had given bond as such sheriff, with the other appellees as his sureties, and been duly qualified, and had entered upon the discharge of his duties as such sheriff’ it was then alleged that during his term of office there came into his hands* as such sheriff’, certain executions, duly issued by the clerk of the Howard circuit court, on certain judgments rendered in said court against one George ~W. Brown, in favor of the following named persons, for the sums and at the dates following, to wit;
John E. Henderson, judgment, April 28th, 1868, for three hundred and thirty-eight dollars and seventy-three cents, and costs;
Nelson Purdem, judgment, April 29th, 1868, for one hundred and forty-four dollars and twenty-three cents, and costs;
Robert E. Haskett et al., judgment, May 1st, 1868, for sixty-five dollars and fifty-eight cents, and costs;
Erancis M. Trissal, judgment, May 18th, 1868, for sixty dollars, and costs;
Moses Ereed, judgment, May 22d, 1868, for seven hundred and forty-three dollars, and costs.
That all said judgments were collectible without relief from the appraisement laws of this state, except twenty dollars and eighty cents of said Purdem’s judgment, and five hundred dollars, of said Ereed’s judgment, which sums were subject to appraisement; that said executions were issued to and received by said sheriff, and were by him levied upon said Brown’s real estate, upon the dates following, to wit:
1. On said Henderson’s judgment, execution was issued and received on May 22d, and levied May 28d, 1868;
3. On the judgment of said Haskett et al., execution was issued, received and levied May 25th, 1868;
4. On said Trissal’s judgment, execution was issued and received on May 22d, and levied on May 23d, 1868;
5. On said Breed’s judgment, execution was issued, received and levied on May 25th, 1868.
That each of said executions was levied, as aforesaid, on the real estate in Howard county, Indiana, thus described: the east half of the south-west quarter, and the south-east quarter, of section 28, in township 24, north, of range 2, east, containing two hundred and forty acres, which said real estate was legally advertised by said sheriff to be sold on each of said executions, on July 3d, 1868, on which day all of said executions were in said sheriff’s hands; that on said' day and at the proper place, said Prime, as such sheriff, on said Henderson’s execution, having first offered the rents and profits, for a term of years not exceeding seven, of the north-east quarter of the south-west quarter of said section 28, and received no bid therefor, offered and sold the fee simple thereof to one George Raymond, as the highest and best bidder therefor, for three hundred and sixty dollars and twenty-five cents; and said sum being insufficient to satisfy said Henderson’s execution, the said sheriff, by virtue thereof, having first offered the rents and profits, for a like term of years, of the south-east quarter of the south-west quarter of said section 28 and received no bid therefor, then and there offered and sold the fee simple thereof to said George Raymond, as the highest and best bidder therefor, for three hundred and sixty dollars and twenty-five cents; that of the said two sums, the said sheriff applied three hundred and seventy-eight dollars and three cents to the satisfaction of the said Henderson execution, and eighty-six dollars and seven cents to the satisfaction of the execution in favor of said Robert E. Haskett et al., and the surplus
Eirst. That as such sheriff' and by color of his office, he wrongfully, fraudulently and unlawfully offered and sold, as before stated, upon the execution of said Nelson Purdem, as upon a valid execution, the south-east quarter of the south-east quarter of section 28, and received from
Second. That as such sheriff’ and under color of his office, he wrongfully, fraudulently and unlawfully, under the circumstances and in the manner before stated, sold upon the said execution in favor of Francis M. Trissal, as upon a valid execution, the south-west quarter of the southeast quarter of section 28, and received from’the purchaser, George Raymond, the purchase money therefor, three hundred and sixty dollars and twenty-five cents, when in fact said execution was then void, having been fully satisfied by the sales previously made by him on the said Henderson execution, as-he well knew;
Third. That he sold the said south-east quarter of the south-east quarter of said section 28, upon said execution in favor of Nelson Purdem, without having the same appraised, although so much of said execution as waived appraisement had been satisfied by sales previously made on the said Henderson execution;
Fourth. That he sold, upon the said Trissal execution, the south-west quarter of the south-east quarter aforesaid, without an appraisement of the same.
And it was further alleged that after the assignment of said certificates of purchase to said Henry W. Sage, at the April term of the Howard circuit court, said George W. Brown commenced a suit in said court against said Raymond and Joseph Taylor, the then sheriff of Howard county, to set aside the sale made under the Purdem execution and the sale made under the Trissal execution, as illegal and void; that in said suit said Henry ~W\ Sage, as the holder of said certificates of purchase, was substituted for said Raymond as a defendant, and said Prime was also made a defendant, but afterwards, on motion of said Prime, his name was struck out; that at the November
The second paragraph of the complaint, in this action, is the same as the first paragraph, in substance, with these exceptions:
Eirst. The second paragraph alleged, that the sales were made to George Raymond for his own use, and a subsequent assignment of the certificates of sale to appellant’s relators for a valuable consideration;
Second. In the second paragraph, the averment that the sale under the Purdem execution was made without appraisement was omitted ; and,
Third. The second paragraph did not allege a demand by plaintiff’s relators for the return of the money. And the same judgment was demanded in said second paragraph, as in the first.
The real question presented for our consideration by the record of this cause is this: where a sheriff, having several executions in his hands against the same judgment-defendant, issued oh judgments of different dates, has levied all said executions on the same real estate of the judgment-defendant, which real estate is susceptible of being sold in parcels, and the priority of the liens of the several judgments on said real estate is fixed by and can he readily ascertained from the priority in date of the several judgments,—and where, in such case, the sheriff
If this question must be answered affirmatively, then the judgment of the court below is wrong and must be reversed; but if the question can be properly answered in the negative, then the decision of the court below is right, and the judgment of that court ought to be and must be affirmed.
The sheriff is merely a ministerial officer. It is made his duty, by statute, to “ execute all process directed to him by legal authority,” and again, to “ serve all process
The duties of the sheriff1 and his liabilities, under or by reason of any execution which may come to his hands, are clearly and strictly defined by statute, so far as the parties to the writ, plaintiff and defendant, are concerned. But the theory of our law clearly is, as we construe it, that strangers to the execution, when they deal with the sheriff, where he is acting or claiming to act under or by virtue of the execution, must look out for and take care of themselves.
The sheriff, when he is selling property under or by virtue of an execution in his hands, does not warrant anything in connection with such sale; and where he acts in good faith, and his’ conduct in the premises is free from all imputations of fraud, neither he nor his sureties will be liable to the purchaser at such sale, although such purchaser, through the mistake or oversight of the sheriff', may take nothing by his purchase.
But, in the case at bar, the purchaser under the execution issued on the next to the oldest judgment, which was next to the oldest lien on the real estate of the judgment-defendant, had actual and constructive notice of all the facts. He was the purchaser at the sales made by the sheriff' under the execution issued on the oldest judgment, which was the oldest lien on said real estate. He knew, therefore, or had the means of knowing and was bound to know, that the proceeds of such sale were sufficient to satisfy, not only the said oldest judgment, but also the said
In Doe v. Collins, 1 Ind. 24, it was said by Perkins, J., in announcing the decision of the cause, “ The doctrine is well settled that all purchasers at sheriff’s sale are bound to know that those facts exist which give the officer power to sell, being, generally, the judgment of a competent court and a legal execution. This is certainly right on principle, as the sheriff, in the sale of real estate, is but an agent or officer of the law with limited powers conferred by statute; and we believe it is universally acknowledged, that a purchaser of property from a private special agent, is bound to take notice of the extent of his powers, and that a purchase from such an agent, where he is not authorized to sell, is invalid.”
In the case at bar, where the purchaser had both actual and constructive notice of all the facts in relation to the sale, and where he had the means of knowing and was bound to know that the sale made by the sheriff’ was made without any authority of law and was an absolute
The reasoning we have applied to the point under discussion and the authorities cited are equally applicable to all the points made hy appellant’s learned counsel on both paragraphs of the complaint. In our opinion, the court below committed no error in sustaining the appellees’ demurrers to each paragraph of appellants! complaint.
The judgment of the court below is therefore affirmed, at the costs of the relators of the appellant.