108 P. 580 | Mont. | 1910
delivered the opinion of the court.
Original application for writ of prohibition. On September 13, 1909, the relator brought his action in a .justice’s court in Silver Bow county to recover of the Great Northern Bailway Company damages in the sum of $299. The railway company appeared to defend the action, and thereupon, after a trial, on October 5, judgment was rendered and entered in favor of the relator for the amount demanded and for costs, taxed at nine dollars. The railway company, desiring to appeal to the district court, caused to be filed with the justice, and served upon the relator, the following notice:
“In the Justice’s Court of Silver Bow County.
“Before Henry Foley, Justice of the Peace.
“H. D. Rosenstein, Plaintiff,
V‘
Great Northern Railway Company, a Corporation, Defendant.
‘Notice of Appeal.
“The State of Montana,
County of Silver Bow,—ss.
“You wi!1 please take notice that the defendant in the above-entitled action hereby appeals to the district court' of the second judicial district in and for the county of Silver Bow from the judgment therein made and entered in the said justice’s court on the- day of September, 1909, in favor of said plaintiff and against said defendant and from the whole thereof.
“Dated October 5, 1909.”
On October 8 the justice transmitted to the clerk of the district court a copy of his docket, together with the papers filed in the action, and they were filed with the clerk in his office on that day. Thereupon the relator, appearing specially and for that purpose only, moved the court to dismiss the appeal, on the ground of insufficiency of the notice to give the court juris
Appeals from justices’ courts to the district courts are allowed in all cases in such manner and under such regulations as may be prescribed by law. (Constitution, Art. VIII, see. 23.) Section 7121, Revised Codes, provides: “The appeal is taken' by filing a notice of appeal with the justice or judge, and serving a copy on the adverse party or his attorney.” The provision touching appeals from the district courts to the supreme court is substantially the same. (Revised Codes, sec. 7100.) It will be noted that these provisions are silent as to the contents or form of the notice required; so that, while appeals are subject to statutory regulation, with which there must be at least a substantial compliance in order to confer jurisdiction upon the appellate court (Territory v. Hanna, 5 Mont. 246, 5 Pac. 250; State v. Northrup, 13 Mont. 522, 35 Pac. 228; State v. Malish, 15 Mont. 506, 39 Pac. 739; Hines v. Carl, 22 Mont. 501, 57 Pac. 88; Creek v. Bozeman Water Works, 22 Mont. 327, 56 Pac. 362), we must consider what the office of the notice is, and by resort to general rules of law ascertain what the contents of it must be. The first purpose of it is to clothe the appellate court with jurisdiction of the cause for trial or for review, as the case may be; for the appeal is taken by filing and serving the notice, though it is ineffectual for any purpose unless the required undertaking be filed. (Revised Codes, sec. 7124.) The second purpose of it is to convey information to the adverse party that the appellant has removed the cause to the appel
The general rule is thus stated in 24 Cyc. 689: “A notice of appeal, to be effective, must properly designate the judgment appealed from by a sufficient description to show the applicability of the notice to the judgment, without resort to extrinsic evidence. But the object of a notice of appeal is accomplished when the appellate court can ascertain from an inspection of the notice what particular judgment the appellant complains of.” Applying this rule to the notice before us, we find that it does not describe the judgment complained of, either by stating the nature or amount of it, or by giving the date of it. It omits the first particular of the description entirely, and states the date in such a way as to make it applicable to any judgment which may have been rendered and entered at any time within thirty-five days prior to the date at which the judg
Counsel cite many cases in support of their respective contentions in which particular forms of notice are considered. They are in irreconcilable conflict. Some of the courts, as in Oregon, Wisconsin and Minnesota, hold to the rule of strict construction. (Beck v. Thompson, 35 Or. 182, 76 Am. St. Rep. 471, 57 Pac. 419; Atkinson v. Chicago & N. W. R. Co., 69 Wis. 362, 34 N. W. 63; Pettingill v. Donnelly, 27 Minn. 332, 7 N. W. 360.) Others, as in Washington, Nevada and Iowa, have apparently adopted the rule that extrinsic evidence may be resorted to to supplement and aid the recitals in the notice. (Horrell v. California etc. Assn., 40 Wash. 531, 82 Pac. 889; Paul v. Cragnaz, 25 Nev. 293, 59 Pac. 857, 60 Pac. 983, 47 L. R. A. 540; Kennedy v. Rosier, 71 Iowa, 671, 33 N. W. 227.) While we should go far to sustain an appeal when the notice could by any reasonable construction be held to refer to the particular judgment or order, we are not inclined to sustain one where the notice does not furnish the information required, without supplement by reference to extrinsic evidence. The appeal should have been dismissed.
The motion to quash the alternative writ is denied. A peremptory writ is ordered issued as prayed for.
Writ granted.