160 Wis. 175 | Wis. | 1915
In this statutory action brought by leave of court to abate as a nuisance an alleged unlicensed retail liquor business, it appeared without controversy that a retail liquor license was on July 2, 1906, by the city of Mauston, duly issued to one John McGarty for the premises in question and for the year ending June 30, 1907. The licensee died October 5, 1906, and his widow and administratrix conducted for his estate this retail liquor business at the same place from the time of his death up to and including June 30, 1907, without obtaining another license. The widow and children of John McGarty continued to own the premises in question and retail liquor licenses were issued to other persons, presumably tenants of theirs, on July 1, 1907, and every year thereafter until the year 1914, when such a license for this place was issued to the respondent, Steiner. On June 30, 1907, and every year since the city of Mauston had, counting the licensed premises in question, more than one license for each 250- inhabitants or fraction thereof. The learned circuit court held that the license of Steiner expiring June 30, 1915, was valid and gave judgment accordingly dismissing the complaint.
The appellant contends that on the death of McGarty on October 5, 1906, his license expired and did not pass to his administratrix or authorize her to continue the retail sale of liquors to be drunk on the premises', consequently there was no license in force for the premises in question on June 30, 1907, and that a proper reading of the statute, sec. 1565&, Stats. 1913, otherwise ch. 484, Laws of 1907, popularly known as the Baker law, forbade the issue of retail liquor licenses beyond the proportion of one for every 250 inhabitants or fraction thereof, except in certain cases where there was such a license issued and in force on and prior to June 30, 1907. The statute reads, “in force on or prior to the thirtieth day of June, 1907,” but it is said that the literal rendering of this statute would lead to absurd results, hence the
The instant ease also presents a difficult question of construction. On the one hand it does not seem very reasonable that the legislature, while endeavoring to fix a maximum of liquor licenses for the municipality and at the same time protecting the property of men who had invested in saloon business or buildings, intended to withdraw the latter protection from the widow and children of such men. Nevertheless it is well established law that in the absence of a statute providing otherwise a license of this kind, although for a fixed term, comes to an end with the life of the licensee. People v. Sykes, 96 Mich. 452, 56 N. W. 12; U. S. v. Overton, 2 Cranch C. C. 42, Fed. Cas. No. 15, 979; 1 Woollen & Thornton, Intox. Liq. sec. 422 and cases cited; Petition of Blumenthal, 125 Pa. St. 412, 18 Atl. 395; Black, Intox. Liq. § 131.
But the administrator of deceased licensee may, like a 'sheriff or receiver and by virtue of his authority as administrator, lawfully dispose of the stock of liquors in bulk. Williams v. Troop, 17 Wis. 463. It must therefore be conceded that there was no license in force at the premises in question on June 30, 1907. It must be further conceded that there was a retail liquor license issued and in force for the year ending June 30, 1907, and prior to June 30, 1907.
“ ‘Or’ is usually disjunctive; occasionally, to avoid absurdity, it is construed as a conjunctive and equivalent to ‘and,’ but it is also used in the sense of ‘alias.’ ” Menominee River R. Co. v. Augustus Spies L. & C. Co. 147 Wis. 559, 589, 132 N. W. 1118.
“The popular use of ‘or’ and ‘and’ is so loose and so frequently inaccurate that it has infected statutory enactments.
This court has heretofore declared that the intention of the legislature in framing the statute in question was twofold, viz. to limit the number of saloons and at the same time to protect investments made in saloon property so far as could be conveniently done. The first of these considerations would tend to induce the reading of “and” instead of “or;” the second, the reading of the statute as it is written. If the words “in force on or prior to the thirtieth day of June, 1907,” were taken disjunctively and at the same time taken to include all prior time, the interpretation would be absurd. This would be an argument for construing the statute to read “on and before.” The respondent meets this, however, with the argument that “on or prior to the thirtieth day of June, 1907,” by force of the context relates to licenses issued for the license year terminating on the date last mentioned. He contends that if a license was issued and in force during the license year then terminated and either on or prior to the 30th. day of June, 1907, it falls within the saving clause. The statute as it now exists was brought into being by ch. 188, Laws of 1907, which was approved June 6, 1907, published June 8, 1907, and went into effect on and after the first Tuesday in July, 1907. That act provided that where a greater number of licenses may have been granted or issued prior to the 30th day of June, 1907, than would be permissible under the limitation relating to 250 inhabitants, it should he lawful for the local authorities to grant and issue licenses equal in number to those issued on or prior to the last mentioned day, but no addi
By the Court. — Judgment affirmed.