175 N.W. 569 | N.D. | 1919
Lead Opinion
This is an application for a peremptory writ of prohibition against the defendant, J. M. Hanley, acting as judge of the district court of Burleigh county. The application for the writ is made by one of the members and in behalf of the Workmen’s Compensation Bureau. It is averred that the said defendant, purporting to act as judge of the district court of Burleigh county, has issued an order to show cause in a proceeding pending in the district court of said county. It further averred that Burleigh county
A writ of prohibition will issue to arrest the proceedings of a tribunal, corporation, board, or person, only when such proceedings are without or in excess of the jurisdiction of such tribunal, corporation, board, or person (Comp. Laws 1913, § 8470), and when there is no plain, speedy, and adequate remedy in the ordinary course of law (Comp. Laws 1913, § 8471).
Our Constitution provides that, except as therein otherwise provided, the district courts shall have original jurisdiction of all causes both at law and equity, and that they and the judges thereof shall have jurisdiction and power to issue original and remedial writs, with authority to hear and determine the same. N. D. Const. § 103.
Our statute provides: “All orders made, judgments given or other acts done by any judge of the district court in any action, special proceeding or other matter, civil or criminal, shall be deemed and held to be the orders, judgments and acts of the court, and the several judges of the district court shall have jurisdiction throughout the state to exercise all the powers conferred by law upon the district court or judges thereof, subject to the limitations in this article provided.” (Comp. Laws 1913, § 7352.)
“No judge of the district court shall hear or determine any action, special proceeding, motion or application, or make any.order or give any judgment in any action or proceeding not pending in the judicial district for which he is elected except in the following cases:
. “1. Upon the written request of the judge of the district in which such action or proceeding is at the time pending.” (Comp. Laws 1913, § 7353, subd. 1.)
. “No order or judgment given by the judge of any district contrary
Under these statutory provisions the action of the defendant was not without or in excess of jurisdiction. Bruegger v. Cartier, 20 N. D. 72, 126 N. W. 491; State v. Heiser, 20 N. D. 357, 127 N. W. 72. Hence, if these provisions are in force the writ must be denied. But the relator contends that these provisions are no longer in force; that they are inconsistent with and were impliedly repealed by Senate Bill No. 1, and House Bill No. 124, Laws 1919.
Senate Bill No. 1, as declared in its title and as evidenced by its contents, is an act to amend and re-enact § 7664, Comp. Laws 1913, relating to a change of judges in civil actions in the district courts on the ground of prejudice of the judge of the district court wherein the action is pending. The only material change made by the new' law is: Under the old law the district judge against whom an affidavit of.prejudice was filed designated the district judge to sit in his place; under the new law the district judge to be called in is designated by the supreme court. There is nothing in the new law which in any manner prohibits judges from acting in a different district from that in which they are chosen. On the contrary the act expressly recognizes the right of the supreme court to call a judge from another judicial district if it sees fit to do so. See § 4, Senate Bill No. 1, Laws 1919.
House Bill No. 124, Laws .1919, provides for redistricting the state into judicial districts, and matters incidental to such redistricting. Under the former laws of this state there were twelve judicial districts with one judge in each district. House Bill No. 124 divides the state into six judicial districts, with two or more judges in each district. It authorizes the supreme court to fix the location of the chambers of the district judges, provide for the terms of court, and prescribe rules of procedure therein. House Bill No. 124, Laws 1919, does not directly or by implication say that actions must be tried in the judicial district in which they are commenced. On the contrary § 7 of the act provides: “Change of venue may be taken from one judge to
Whatever conflict there may be between House Bill No. 124, Laws 1919, and §§ 7352, 7353, and 7354, Comp. Laws 1913, arises by reason of the power conferred upon the supreme court by the latter enactment. If the prior statutes are repealed it is because the power to regulate the functions therein prescribed has been conferred upon the supreme court, and for no other reason. This court has not up to this time made any order changing the procedure theretofore existing in the district .courts. On the contrary this court did on August 5, 1919, enter an order that until the further order of this court:—
1. The terms of court in each of the counties of the state continue as heretofore or now established and prescribed by statutes, or special terms heretofore designated or ordered by the district courts be continued as so established and ordered.
2. That in each of the judicial districts as now established by law the rules of procedure which heretofore obtained in the twelve judicial districts of the state shall remain in force in each of the various judicial districts as now established by law as they theretofore obtained therein.
The purpose of this order was to preserve the procedure formerly existing so far as it was possible to do so, until this court might formulate such new rules as it deemed necessary and expedient.
It follows from what has been said that the defendant was not acting without or in excess of his jurisdiction in the proceeding in question. ■ The writ of prohibition must therefore be denied. It is so ordered.
Dissenting Opinion
(dissenting). This is an original application to this -court to prohibit a district judge of the sixth judicial district from acting
This proceeding challenges the authority of Judge Hanley to so act as judge and to determine the proceedings involved in the district court of the fourth judicial district.
The respondent judge bases his right to so act under the provisions of § 7353, Comp. Laws 1913, in connection with the general jurisdiction conferred upon district judges by the Constitution, § 103 and §§ 7349, 7350 and 7352, Comp. Laws 1913. Section 7352, Comp. Laws 1913, provides as follows:
“No judge to act on matters not pending in his district. Exceptions. No judge of the district court shall hear or determine any action, special proceeding, motion or application, or make any order or give any judgment in any-action or proceeding not pending in the judicial district for which he is elected excepting in the following cases:
“1. Upon the written request of the judge of the district in which such action or proceeding is at the time pending.
“2. When, upon the application of either party to such action or proceeding and upon due notice to the opposite party, if he shall have appeared and is entitled to such notice, it shall be made to appear by affidavit to the satisfaction of such judge who shall have power to hear and determine such preliminary application, that the judge of the district in which such action, proceeding, motion or application is pending or about to be commenced, is absent from his district, or incapacitated or disqualified to act therein, such application shall be made only to the judge of a district adjoining that in which such action or proceeding is pending, and upon the hearing thereof counter affidavits may be used.”
There is no question concerning the right or authority of such district judge so to act prior to July 1, 1919,. Prior to such time there existed in this state twelve judicial districts, with one judge in each
The legislative assembly of 1919, however, by an act approved January 27, 1919, known as Senate Bill No. .1, provided for calling in a judge of another judicial district through an affidavit of prejudice filed, after issue joined and before the opening of a term of court, and requiring this court to designate the district judge in the place and stead of the judge disqualified. This act was followed by the judicial redistricting bill approved March 3, 1919, known as House Bill No. 124.
This act entirely changes the judicial districts in the state, reducing the number from twelve to six and increasing the number of judges therein from one to two or three. The act also provides that the business of the district court may be divided between the judges and otherwise regulated as this court by order shall direct, and further that this court may adopt uniform rules of procedure for all of the district courts of the state. The act further provides that change of venue may be ' taken from one judge to another in the same district or in another district, or from one county to another, or from one district to another, as may be provided by law. This act repealed all acts or parts of acts inconsistent therewith. The specific question therefore involved is whether now a district judge may call, upon his written request, a judge of another judicial district, or whether such § 7353 is repealed in terms by said judicial redistricting bill. It is clear that the second subdivision of said § 7353 cannot now remain in force without running contrary to the intent and purpose and provision in the new- redistrieting bill. Under the provisions of said subdivision 2 of said § 7353 there arises neither an occasion nor a reason for making application to a judge of an adjoining judicial district when one of the judges in the resident judicial district is for any reason disqualified or incapacitated. Plainly in such event there is either one or two judges still available within the district for purposes of considering the instituting or hearing of necessary and proper judicial proceeding. Likewise, under the