20 Mo. App. 304 | Mo. Ct. App. | 1886
delivered the opinion of the court.
Ullman, Bloom & Company instituted proceedings by attachment against Post & Grawe, who kept a cigar and tobacco store at 920 Broadway, St. Louis, and caused to be seized a part of the stock found on the premises, which was claimed in due form under the statute, by the present beneficiary plaintiff. The present defendants are sureties on the indemnifying bond given by the attaching plaintiff. The verdict and judgment were for the plaintiff, in the court below. .
There was testimony tending to show that the plaintiff had been in the employ of Post & Grawe, as a porter, for about nine years, and that in 1876 he loaned them several sums amounting to five hundred dollars, for which they gave him their notes. These notes were renewed from time to time, so that on January 2, 1885, he held their two notes, one for four hundred ■ dollars and the other for one hundred dollars, having five and nine months to run, respectively. On that day, in pursuance of a proposal made a few days before and held under advisement, Post & Grawe sold their business and stock in trade, excluding the unmanufactured tobacco on hand, to the plaintiff, for the amount of their notes, which were thereupon surrendered to the vendors. The goods sold were estimated to be worth from three hundred and fifty to four hundred dollars, and a horse and wagon included in the sale, to be worth seventy-five dollars. There was a sign bearing the firm name of Post & Grawe on the top of the house, another on the awning in front, and what the witnesses calla “Y” sign in another conspicuous place. On the evening of Saturday, January 3, Post, upon the plaintiff’s request, ordered the painting of a sign for the plaintiff. This sign was brought to the
The court gave several instructions for the plaintiff, clearly setting, forth the requirements of law touching an open, visible, and notorious change of possession, in order to the validation of a sale of chattels, as against creditors of the vendor. We need not remark further upon these instructions, since they simply repeat the terms whiph have long been settled by our supreme court in parallel cases. The defendants complain, however, that the court erred in submitting to the jury alternative hypotheses of fact upon which they might determine the question of a change of possession “within a reasonable time, regard being had to the situation of the property,” because what is a reasonable time, is always a question of law for the court, and is not a proper one for the jury. But the learned counsel seem "to overlook the fact that there was in this case a good deal of conflicting testimony on the indications of a reasonable time, or the contrary. It is only where the facts are undisputed, that the rule applies, as stated for the defendants. This qualification distinctly appears in the cases cited in their behalf. Wright v. McCormick, 67 Mo. 426; Stern v. Henley, 68 Mo. 263; Stewart v. Nelson, 79 Mo. 524; Franklin v. Gumersell, 9 Mo. App. 84; Dyas v.
The court properly refused two instructions asked for by the defendants, to the effect that, in order to a valid sale, there must have been an actual and visible change of possession “immediately” after the sale. “Immediately”-is not the word chosen by the law. It may be something very different from what the statute does express, viz.: “ In a reasonable time, regard being had to the situation of the property.” Kev. Stat., sect. 2505.
' But it is not quite so clear that the court was right in giving the two following instructions for the plaintiff:
“ The jury are instructed that, if they find from the evidence that Post & Grawe were manufacturers of tobacco at 920 North Fifth street, or Broadway, in the city of St. Louis, and. continued tobe such on the second day of January and on the ninth day of January, and further find that at such times they had on hand any unmanufactured or unstamped tobacco, they were required by the United States revenue laws to remain in the open and actual possession of such unmanufactured and unstamped tobacco, and could not at such times give to Hakemeyer the sole and exclusive possession of the premises ; and the jury may consider this in determining whether there was such a delivery as described in instruction number one.”
“ The jury are- instructed that, if they find from the evidence that Post & Grawe were manufacturers of tobacco at 920 and 922 North Fifth street, in the city of St. Louis, Missouri, from January 1 to January 9, 1885, inclusive, they were required by the United States revenue laws to keep on the side or end of the building wherein the busln-..^ was carried on, so that it could be distinctly seen, a sign giving their full name; and that may be considered by the jury in determining whether or not thore was a bona fide sale by Post & Grawe to Hakemeyer.”
We can discover no reason for the giving of these
For error in giving these instructions, the judgment will be reversed and the cause remanded.