43 P.2d 249 | Mont. | 1935
This is an application for a writ of supervisory control to direct the district court of Silver Bow county to permit relator to file an amended answer in a case therein pending. The action is one in which plaintiff, one Daisy B. Kroehnke, seeks to recover from the defendant Gold Creek Mining Company, relator herein, the sum of $25,037.22 for services alleged to have been rendered, and moneys expended by plaintiff on behalf of defendant. The action was commenced in the respondent court on June 7, 1934. Thereafter, in August or September, the defendant answered the complaint. In its answer defendant company denied generally the allegations of the complaint, and also pleaded two affirmative defenses. Reply was filed to the affirmative matter contained in the answer.
Thereafter, in December, the cause was set for trial before a jury for January 24, 1935. On January 4, defendant gave notice to plaintiff of its desire to file an amended answer, and at the same time served a copy of the proposed amended *35 answer upon plaintiff's counsel. The proposed answer was identical with the original answer, except that it contained, in addition to the matter previously alleged, a counterclaim for affirmative relief in the nature of an alleged indebtedness of plaintiff to defendant in the amount of $87,551.75. It is alleged that this indebtedness grew out of various dealings between defendant and the Mining Securities Company, in which transactions plaintiff acted as agent of the latter company between September, 1929, and December, 1931. On January 7, 1935, defendant requested in writing that the respondent court, and the Honorable T.E. Downey, acting judge thereof, grant leave to file the amended answer. The application was supported by the affidavit of S.P. Wilson, attorney for defendant. Plaintiff filed written objections and the matter was argued to the court by counsel for both sides. At the conclusion of the hearing, the matter was submitted and taken under advisement by Judge Downey.
In the affidavit of Mr. Wilson it is recited that he is the counsel for defendant; that at the time when he prepared the original answer he "was not advised and did not know of the existence of the counterclaim against plaintiff set out in the proposed amended answer until about January 1, 1935"; and that none of the officers of defendant company seemed to know or be aware of the existence of such proposed counterclaim.
The written objections filed by plaintiff in opposition to the amendment were that the proposed counterclaim was barred by the statute of limitations; that it did not state facts sufficient to constitute a cross-complaint or counterclaim; that it was not the proper subject of counterclaim; that it was frivolous and sham; and that defendant was guilty of laches in its application to file the amended answer.
On January 15, 1935, defendant filed the statutory affidavit of prejudice disqualifying Judge Downey. At that time no decision or ruling had been made upon defendant's motion for leave to file the amended answer. Thereafter, on January 19, Judge Downey made and entered a ruling sustaining plaintiff's *36 objections and denying defendant's request for permission to file the amended answer containing the counterclaim. Defendant then presented its application to this court for a writ of supervisory control to compel the district court to grant the motion to file the amended answer. The application rests upon two grounds: (1) That after Judge Downey was disqualified on January 15, he no longer had any power or authority to pass upon the application for leave to file the amended answer, and that his decision of that matter made on January 19 was therefore void and of no effect. (2) Assuming that Judge Downey did have the authority to act in the matter, still, in view of the circumstances disclosed at the hearing and by the affidavit of Wilson, it is apparent that he abused the discretion vested in him by refusing permission to file the amended answer.
We find no merit in the contention advanced by defendant[1] concerning the jurisdiction of Judge Downey to decide upon the application for filing an amended answer. In the case ofState ex rel. Grice v. District Court,
A more serious difficulty is presented by the question whether[2, 3] the court's refusal to permit the filing of the amended answer was an abuse of discretion. Under section 9187, Revised Codes of 1921, the matter of permitting amendments of pleadings lies within the sound discretion of the trial court; the rule being to allow, and the exception to deny, them. (Fowlis v.Heinecke,
Plaintiff cites and relies upon the case of St. George v.Boucher, supra, in support of her argument that the allowance or refusal to grant permission to make the amendment is a matter entirely within the discretion of the trial court. However, in that case the application to amend was not made until the day of the trial. In the present case the application for leave to amend came more than two weeks before the day of trial. In the BoucherCase, there was no showing of any reason why the matter sought to be included in the amendment could not have been included in the original pleading. The court there said: "He [defendant] knew all the facts concerning it when the original answer was filed, and no reason appears why he should have delayed until after the cause had been set for trial, and until the very day of the trial, before moving to amend."
It may fairly be inferred from the above language that if there had been a satisfactory showing made as to why the counterclaim was not included in the original answer, and if instead of waiting until the day set for trial a prompt and *38 timely application had been made therefor, then the court should have allowed the amendment. Such was the situation in the instant case. A reasonable showing was made to explain the failure to include the counterclaim in the original answer. The application to amend was made promptly after the existence of the counterclaim became known. We think that, under such circumstances, the trial court abused its discretion in refusing to allow the amendment. (See 1 Bancroft's Code Pleading, 744;Senate S.M. Co. v. Hackberry Con. Min. Co., supra.)
We find nothing in the objections interposed by plaintiff which would justify a refusal to allow the amendment in question. There is no merit in the assertion that the proposed counterclaim does not state facts sufficient to constitute a counterclaim or cross-complaint, or that it is frivolous and[4] sham. The objection that it is barred by the statute of limitations is not properly available here as a ground for denying the motion; that is a matter of affirmative defense and, as such, must be specially pleaded. (King v. Mayor of City ofButte,
It has been suggested that the writ of supervisory control[6] does not lie in this case because defendant has a remedy by *39
appeal from the ruling in question. We may assume, without deciding, that defendant did have a right of appeal from that ruling; still this writ may properly run where it is obvious that whatever right of appeal there may be is not adequate under the circumstances. It would not afford the relief to which defendant is entitled. (State ex rel. Spinazza v. District Court,
It is ordered that the writ of supervisory control shall issue, directing Judge Downey to grant defendant's motion to file an amended answer.
MR. CHIEF JUSTICE SANDS and ASSOCIATE JUSTICES MATTHEWS and ANDERSON concur.
MR. JUSTICE MORRIS, being absent on account of illness, takes no part in the foregoing decision.
