6 Mo. App. 263 | Mo. Ct. App. | 1878
delivered the opinion of the court.
In the former hearing of this cause, our attention was not pai-ticularly directed to the effect of the rule in equity jurisprudence whereby, when property is conveyed to a married woman for her separate estate, no trustee being named, her husband becomes her trustee for the management of the
Counsel have all along ignored in argument an established distinction in the operation of conflicting laws in different jurisdictions, as they relate to matters of contract or to rights attached by law to the personal status of the parties. As a general proposition, a contract which is void in the country where it is made will be void everywhere, and a contract having a special interpretation under the lex loci contractus will be similarly interpreted in the place where it is sought to be enforced. But questions of personal capacity or incapacity, and questions depending upon the subsisting domestic or personal relations between parties, will generally, upon a change of residence, be determined by the law of the new domicile. Story on Confl., sect. 69. Under the laws of South Carolina, marriages were indissoluble for any cause. A couple were married in that State, and afterwards moved into Alabama. An attempt was made to establish the doctrine that there could be no valid divorce of the parties in Alabama, because that would be in violation of the lex loci contractus. It was held that the law of the actual domicile must prevail in all such cases. Harrison v. Harrison, 19 Ala. 499. This serves to illustrate the general proposition that in controversies arising upon the marital relation, and having reference to the inconsistent laws of different jurisdictions, the tacit contract implied in that relation does not furnish a true test for their solution. If there were no other test in the present case, and we were still compelled to choose between conflicting regulations of the different States, we could not do
In the first discussion of this case, it seemed to be assumed on all hands that as to the rights acquired over the property in Ohio by Mrs. Cunniugham, there was a conflict between the laws of that State and those of Missouri. We held, upon ample and conclusive authority, that, granting such a conflict to exist, the laws of Missouri must control. But, considering the case in the aspects presented upon the reargument, we find that this is really not a case of inconsistent regulations in the different States. It is true that Missouri law, at the time of the transactions in question, subjected to execution for hei husband’s debts the personalty held by a woman at the time of her marriage, but not under a conveyance to her separate use. Woodford v. Stephens, 51 Mo. 443. It is equally true that Ohio law declared all such property to be exempt from like execution. If the Ohio law did no more than this, then, regarding the matter of exemption as a mere local incident of the marital relation, no rule of comity could introduce it into Missouri, in antagonism to our established policy and in subversion of our authority to legislate upon the domestic relations of our people. But the Ohio statute goes a step further. It provides that “ any personal property, including rights in action, belonging to any married woman at her marriage, or which may have come to her during coverture, by gift, bequest, or inheritance, or by purchase with her separate money or means, or be due as the wages of her separate labor, or have grown out of any violation of her personal rights, shall, together with all income, increase, and profits thereof, be and remain her separate property and under her sole control, and shall not be liable to be taken, by any process of law, for the debts of her husband.” Here is an investiture of title, — of that peculiar title in a married woman, whose incidents are as fully recognized by Missouri law as by any other. A mere exemption from execution
The defendants ask for a reversal upon some other points, which we have not hitherto deemed it important to notice. Most of them relate to admissions or exclusions of evidence. If there were any merit in the objections raised, we could not reverse on that account, for the reason that they were not brought to the attention of the Circuit Court in the motion for a new trial. We find no error in the giving or refusing of instructions. It is not the law in Missouri that the mere fact of an intermixture of one’s goods with those of another shall deprive the owner of his property, even though such intermixtui-e be not by his act or procurement. Such would be the effect of the instructions asked for by the defendants and refused. The instructions given for the plaintiffs correctly stated the law on that point. The jury were instructed, for the defendants, that the officer
The judgment of the Circuit Court will be affirmed.