71 Mo. 470 | Mo. | 1880
This is an ex officio information in the nature bf a quo warranto, brought by the attorney-general against the respondent, John A. Watson, alleging that he has' usurped the office of collector of the revenue of St. Louis county. The respondent admits that he is exercising the duties of collector of the revenue of St. Louis county, but avers that he does so rightfully, by virtue of having been duly elected sheriff of the county of St. Louis at the general election in November, 1878, and by virtue of the scheme of separation adopted in pursuance of the provisions of section 20, article 9 of the constitution, whereby the sheriff of St.. Louis county is made ex officio
Section 20, article 9 of the constitution, which provides for the separation of the city from the county, and the adoption of a charter for the city, and a scheme for the reorganization of the government of the county, declares that said scheme, when adopted, shall supersede all special laws relating to St. Louis county inconsistent therewith. Section 7 of the scheme, as adopted by the people, .provides that the sheriff of St. Louis county shall be ex officio collector of the revenue of said county. Prior to the adoption of the scheme, and from the 12th day of December, 1886, the offices of sheriff’and collector had been distinct and separate offices in the county of St. Louis, by virtue of special laws. The general revenue law in force at the time of the adoption of the scheme, containing section 92 above cited, also contained special provisions for the election of a collector for the county of St. Louis and for the collection of the revenue in said county, and prescribed qualifications for the collector of said county differ-, ent from those required of collectors in other counties ; and the enforcing clause of this act, which was .passed March 20th, 1872, made all such provisions relating to St.
The fact that section 92 of this act required, for the first time, that a collector should be elected in every county, does not destroy the special character we have assigned to the provision requiring the election of a collector in St. Louis county. This section, and indeed all those sections relating to the collection of the revenue, are as much special as if they had been embodied in a separate act, and if these provisions had been embodied in a special act, and that act had been repealed, there would have been no law in St. Louis county for the election of a collector or the collection of the revenue. Such repeal could not of itself put in foi’ce within the county of St. Louis, the provisions of the general law applicable to the remainder of the State, and the circumstance that some of the provisions of the general law are the same as those contained in the special law, could make no difference, for in such case the rule of action prescribed to be followed exists by virtue of the special law, and not by virtue of the general law. The law requiring a collector to be elected in St. Louis county being a special law within the meaning of that provision of the constitution relating to the separation of the city from the county, it follows that it was competent for the freeholders,in framing a scheme of separation, and in reor. ganizingthe government of the county, to make regulations inconsistent with such special law and thereby abrogate or supersede it, and in making such regulations the freeholders were not bound to substitute for such special law the general law in force elsewhere in the State.
They were bound, however, to conform their action