110 P. 702 | Or. | 1910
Opinion by
The plaintiff asserts title from Brown by a subsequent attachment of the land, a judgment, a sale, and a sheriff’s deed, and by a deed from such former owner. It is maintained that in the action instituted by Lawrence the writ of attachment was void,, and that as Brown was not a resident of Oregon, nor found therein, and did not appear or answer in that action, the judgment directing a sale of the premises was rendered without jurisdiction, and, such being the case, an error was committed in dismissing the suit.
“All process authorized by this Code, to be issued by any court or officer thereof, shall run in the name of the State of Oregon, and be signed by the officer issuing the same; and if such process be issued by a clerk of a court, he shall affix thereto his seal of office.” Section 1227, B. & C. Comp.
“At that time there was no statute as there is now authorizing the. proceedings in the attachment to be amended, and strict construction of the attachment law was the rule.”
After setting out the statute permitting amendments of writs of attachment or other proceedings, it is further observed:
“In Foss v. Isett, 4 G. Greene 76 [Iowa] (61 Am. Dec. 117), it was said that a writ of attachment issued without the seal of the court had no more force and efficiency than*150 a piece of blank paper, and that it was void and could not be amended. This case was followed in Shaffer v. Sundwall, 33 Iowa, 579. In the subsequent case of Murdough v. McPherin, 49 Iowa 479, it was held that a writ which issued from the district court, to which the seal of the circuit court had been attached, could be amended by placing thereon the seal of the court whence it issued. It was urged in that case that a writ without the seal of the proper court was void, and could not be amended, but it was held otherwise. The same point was made in Lowenstein v. Monroe, 52 Iowa, 231 (3 N. W. 51), where the causes for the attachment had been verified by an attorney. These cases are decisive of that at bar, so far-as the objection under consideration is concerned.”
In Insurance Co. v. Hallock, 6 Wall. 556 (18 L. Ed. 948) in construing a statute of Indiana requiring an execution to be sealed, it was determined in a collateral suit that an “order of sale” in proceedings for the foreclosure of a mortgage came within the functions and supplied the purpose of an execution, which, if issued without a seal, was void. In State v. Davis, 73 Ind. 359, 360, it was held that a summons was not void because not attested by the seal of the court, and that the court had the right to order the clerk to affix the seal nunc pro tunc after judgment had been entered and the term closed. In deciding that case Mr. Justice Elliott, speaking for the court, says:
“The case of Insurance Co. v. Hallock, 6 Wall. 556 (18 L. Ed. 948), does decide that an order of sale issued by a court of this state was void because not attested by the seal of the court. It has also been held by this court that, where there is no statute to the contrary, a writ or record must be attested by the seal of the court from which it comes.”
Further in the opinion it is said:
“The liberal provisions of our statute, respecting the summons, would take such writs from under the old common-law rule, even if it were conceded that it is the rule which must be adopted respecting other writs. The provisions of the Code upon this subject'are contained in Article IV, and the provision which directly bears upon*151 this point is found in Section 37, and is as follows: ‘No summons, or the service, shall be set aside, or be adjudged insufficient, where there is sufficient substance about either to inform the party on whom it may be served, that there is an action instituted against him in court.’ We think it very clear that the omission to affix the seal does not prevent the writ from imparting to the parties against whom it' is issued, and that very fully and distinctly, information that an action is instituted against them.”
In Choate v. Spencer, 13 Mont. 127 (32 Pac. 651: 20 L. R. A. 424: 40 Am. St. Rep. 425), it was ruled that a summons issued without the seal of the court was void, and could give no jurisdiction where the statute demanded that such process “must be issued under the seal of the court,” although the statute also provided that the court should disregard any error or defect in the proceedings which did not affect the substantial rights of the parties.
“The court may, at any time before trial, in furtherance of justice, and upon such terms as may be proper, allow any pleading or proceeding to be amended by adding the name of a party, or other allegation material to the cause; and in like manner and for like reasons it may, at any time before the cause is submitted, allow such pleading or proceeding to be amended, by striking out the name of any party, or by correcting a mistake in the name of a party, or a mistake in any other respect, or when the amendment does not substantially change the cause of action or defense, by conforming the pleading or proceeding to the facts proved.” Section 102, B. & C. Comp.
A defect in an affidavit for an attachment may be amended. Section 311, B. & C. Comp. The right to correct an error being thus limited to an affidavit, it would seem necessarily to follow that the power to change a writ of attachment did not exist, since no provision has been made by statute for amending any process. We do not think the word “proceeding” as employed in Section 102, B. & C. Comp., is comprehensive enough to embrace
The judgment therefore may be in personam and quasi in rem, or the latter only, and, if no jurisdiction of the res has been secured, the court is powerless to condemn the property to the satisfaction of any debt, and the attempted attachment necessarily fails. In order to make valid condemnation, the specific property ordered to be sold must be within the territorial limits of the court held by an efficacious writ of attachment, legally issued, properly executed, and duly returned. Our statute expressly
The decree will therefore be reversed, and one entered here granting to the plaintiff the relief sought by the complaint. Reversed.