144 F. 806 | 8th Cir. | 1906
On March 3, 1903, two gangs of laborers were at work for the St. Louis Southwestern Railway Company, the defendant below, at a point about: three miles north of Jonesboro in the state of Arkansas. The plaintiff below, Sam J. Harvey, was a member of a gang which was engaged in taking up old rails and laying new ones and the foreman of his gang was one Redding. The other gang was engaged in surfacing and repairing the roadbed about a quarter of a mile north of Redding’s gang, and W. J. Bridges was its foreman. The hours of work for the men in these gangs were from 7 in the morning until 6 in the evening. It was contrary to the rules and practice of the company to permit a hand car upon the railroad track without the permission of a foreman. About four in the afternoon a hand car operated by a straw boss or assistant foreman and some members of Bridges’ gang passed south towards Jonesboro. After the men in Redding’s gang had completed their work for the day, and about 8 in the evening their foreman sent the plaintiff and four or five other laborers in charge of an assistant foreman upon a hand car to Jonesboro to carry some sick workmen. The plaintiff was in charge of a red light and a white light upon the front of the hand car. He placed the red light
Conceding, without considering or deciding the question, that the men upon the dark car belonged to the classes of servants for whose acts of negligence the master is liable under the statutes of Arkansas, the burden of proof was upon the plaintiff to establish the fact that at the time and place of the collision these men were running the car in their possession in the discharge of a duty of their employment as servants of the corporation. The first question for consideration in the case, therefore is, was there any' substantial evidence at the trial sufficient to sustain a finding of the jury that this fact existed? It is not enough that there was evidence that these men were engaged in the business of the corporation during their working hours or at other times or places, but it was necessary to produce evidence that they were thus employed at the time and place of the collision. The finding of this fact required an' affirmative answer to two questions which conditioned it, was there substantial evidence that the act of operating this car upon the railroad upon its northward trip from Jonesboro in the dark at 8 o’clock in the evening was within the scope of the duty assigned to these men under their employment? for if it was not the master was not liable for their acts in that regard although those acts were done during the time of their engagement about the business of their master. Bowen v. Illinois Central R. Co. (C. C. A.) 136 Fed. 306, 311-316, wherein a station agent while delivering a package at the window of his office shot the addressee, and the company was held to be exempt from liability because the act was not within the scope of his duty; Walker v. Ry. Co., 121 Mo. 575, 584-588, 26 S. W. 360, 24 L. R. A. 363, 42 Am. St. Rep. 547. The second query is, was there substantia] evidence that the act of running this car upon the track at night without a light was done in the conduct of any of the business of the master? for if a servant step aside from the business of his master for never so short a time to do any act that is not a part of that business the relation of master and servant is for the time suspended and the acts of the servant during that interval are not his master’s, but his own. Benson v. Chicago, St. P., M. & O. Ry. Co., 78 Minn. 303, 307, 308, 80 N. W. 1050; Baker v. Kinsey, 38 Cal. 631, 633, 99 Am. Dec. 438; Georgia Railroad Co. v. Wood, 94 Ga. 126, 21 S. E. 288, 47 Am. St. Rep. 146.
Nor does the fact that servants guilty of a tortious act make use of the master’s cars, engines, or other facilities, which they could not have obtained in the absence of the relation of master and servant,
The evidence upon the questions whether or not the men upon the dark car were running north from Jonesboro at 8 in the evening with the consent of their master, within the scope of their employment, and in the business of their employer, was this: The plaintiff’s witnesses testified that hand cars were not allowed upon the railroad track without the permission of the foretnen, but that the men sometimes took and used them without their knowledge, that the hours* of work of Bridges’ gang were from 7 in the morning until 6 in the evening, that about 4 in the afternoon a straw boss and some men of his gang went to Jonesboro with a hand car, that the work in which Bridges’ gang was engaged was surfacing the track, that the witnesses for the plaintiff did not know whether the men who used this car were then working for the company or not, and that the cars collided at 8 in the evening when the car with Redding’s men was going south to carry some sick workmen, and the other car was coming north without any light upon it. Bridges testified that he had 19 men in his gang, and that some of them were not at work on the day of the accident, that lie had four hand cars, and was using three; that he sometimes sent men on a hand car to Jonesboro to get tools, but whenever he did so he sent them at such times that they could come back to his camp' by 6 in the afternoon; that he might have sent a car to Jonesboro on the day of the accident, but that if he had done so the men with it would have returned by 6 o’clock, that if he had sent them and they had not returned by 6 they would not have been in the service of the company thereafter during that night:
The judgment below is accordingly reversed, and the case is remanded to the Circuit Court, with instructions to grant a new trial.