51 So. 789 | Ala. | 1910
— This was an action by the appelleeagainst, the appellant for negligence in leaving a team-of horses unattended in the streets of the city of Mobile,, in violation of an ordinance of that city; alleging that in consequence of such negligence the team ran away and injured a mule, the property of plaintiff. The case-has been before this court, on appeal, once before. See report of case, 158 Ala. 596, 48 South. 357.
The bill of exceptions does not purport to set out all, or substantially all of the evidence; consequently there-are assigned, and insisted upon, some errors which we-cannot review on this appeal. This, for the all-sufficient reason, as has been often declared by this court, that we-cannot know, in this state of the record, whether the-
It is insisted by appellee that, in view of this condition of the record, we cannot review any of the errors assigned, in that they all go to the rulings of the court upon the evidence, or to the giving or refusing of instructions to the jury. We cannot assent to this proposition in toto. There are some assignments which we must review,- notwithstanding this condition of the record. This court, in the case of Bolton v. Cuthbert, 132 Ala. 406, 31 South. 359 (90 Am. St. Rep. 914), used this language: “While this court has gone very far in indulging the presumption to sustain the judgment of the lower court, where charges are involved, it has never extended it to a case where evidence Avas improperly admitted or excluded” — citing Torey v. Burney, 113 Ala. 496, 21 South. 348; Postal Co. v. Hulsey, 115 Ala. 193, 22 South. 854; De Loach v. Robbins, 102 Ala. 288, 14-South. 777, 48 Am. St. Rep. 46; McDonald v. Wood, 118 Ala. 589, 24 South. 86. In the case of McDonald v. Wood, 118 Ala. 596, 24 South. 87, the majority of the court, speaking through Head, J., said: “The bill of exceptions does not purport to contain all the evidence. We cannot, therefore, review the court’s findings of fact. But the judgment must be reversed by reason of the refusal of the couxd to permit the contestee to prove that A. O. Everett, or ‘Lonny Everett,’ as he was generally called, was not a legal voter” — the case being a contest of an election. Justice Coleman, in a dissenting opinion in the same case, which was concurred in by Brickell, C. J., reviewed the decisions of this court upon the question. There seems to be no difference between the
The first assignment of error is based solely upon an objection of appellant to the general mode of examining a witness. No objections were interposed to any specific question, nor was any specific ruling of the court invoked. The allowing or denying of leading questions, as a mode of examining witnesses, is largely discretionary with the trial court, and we do: not see that this discretion was abused in the instance complained of.
.-The second and third assignments go to the trial court’s allowing plaintiff’s attorney to propound to his witness certain questions. It is not necessary to decide
The fourth assignment of error is based upon .objections to several questions and motions to exclude several answers. The objection is not well taken to all the questions or to all the answers; and we cannot examine them separately when the objections and motions go to the whole. Neither are the questions or the answers separately set out, so as to admit of our reviewing them.
The fifth assignment of error is too indefinite and too general to be reviewed. It is based upon an objection as follows: “The defendant objected to the testimony as offered.” It does not appear to what particular testimony, or to what witnesses it was addressed — whether to a part or the whole. For this reason it cannot be considered.
The sixth assignment goes to an objection to questions, the answers to which were excluded. If error in the first instance, which we do not decide, it was without injury or was cured by excluding the answers.
The seventh, eight, and ninth assignments of error are based upon objections to evidence on the ground that the questions were leading; and it is insisted that the trial court abused its discretion in allowing these and similar questions. We have carefully examined the record, and cannot agree with counsel in the contention that there was any abuse of the discretion. In fact, some of the questions objected to, and made the bases of these assignments of error, were clearly not leading at all, and this is the only objection offered to them. One of these was: “Did you look for any symptoms or
There is nothing in the assignments of error which goes to the. mode or manner of the proof of the value of the mule injured. The trial court clearly followed the rules often declared by this court; and, moreover, it clearly appears that no injury was done appellant. If it could possibly be said that the court originally erred, as to the proper method of allowing this proof, the error was subsequently corrected, at the request and upon the objections of the appellant. It clearly appears that no injury was suffered by the appellant in this matter.
The eleventh and twelfth assignments of error go respectively to the question, “Might not a bruise or scratch have been there without your observing it?” and the answer thereto, “Well, there could have been bruises on him that I never noticed; I didn’t notice him that close.” The objections and exceptions based on this question and answer, if not captious or frivolous are certainly without merit.
The thirteenth, fourteenth, fifteenth, sixteenth, and seventeenth assignments of error are equally without merit. They all relate to the questions and answers to prove the competency of one Jenks Smith, a stable foreman, to treat the injured mule in question. Plaintiff contended that the mule died of the injuries inflicted by defendant or its agents; while defendant claimed that it died of improper treatment, in that it died as the result of Smith’s sticking a knife in it. The defendant thus made the qualification of Smith a question; hence, the mode of treatment of the animal, and the qualification of Smith, who treated it, became material,
So far as the record shows, the court properly declined to give the affirmative charge for defendant. ' Moreover, the bill of exceptions not purporting to set out all the evidence, we cannot know that it was error to refuse it; or revise the ruling thereon.
The defendant excepted to the following part of the oral charge of the court “And some of the iron struck the plaintiff’s mule, and it died as the result of the injury, and that was the proximate cause of its death, then you should find for the plaintiff.” If this portion of the oral charge stood alone, and was not qualified by that which precedes, and that which follows it, it woiild be error, because it is upon the effect of the evidence and thereby invades the province of the jury; but it shows on its face that it is not a complete sentence, much less a complete charge, and, taken in connection with that part of the charge which precedes it and that which follows it, it clearly shows that it was not an invasion of the province of the jury, but was a correct exposition of the law applicable to the issues and evidence in this case. It would be difficult, if not impossible, for any judge or court to deliver a proper charge or instruction, orally, or in writing, from which parts of sentences could not be taken (as was done in this case) that, standing alone, would be error. The part to which exception is reserved must be referred to the context; and when so referred, the above-quoted portion of the oral charge, excepted to, is free from error.
There was no error in refusing the requested charge of defendant. It is argumentative; and predicates a finding and verdict upon the evidence. The bill of exceptions does not purport to contain all the evidence, so we cannot know that the charge was proper.
The judgment is affirmed.
Affirmed.