139 P.2d 200 | Utah | 1951
James W. Linford died intestate October 20, 1942. His widow, Beatrice E. Linford, was appointed to administer the estate. The original inventory and appraisement showed assets totaling $1,072.40 as follows:
Equity in real estate (the business property on which an upholstery business was conducted) .$ 322.40
Ariel Larson notes, total $600, at 6% interest, $60 paid in 1940 . 600.00
1936 Chevrolet Sedan. . 200.00
Tools and equipment, Linford Upholstery Company. 50.00
$1,072.40
After the appraisers had determined the values as above set forth, the court, upon proper petition, decreed summary distribution of the estate to her as the surviving widow as permitted by statute because the estate had a total value of less than $1,500. She was not discharged as administra-trix, however, and in fact has never yet been discharged.
It should be well noted that the equity in the building, together with the tools and equipment of the upholstery business, formed a part of the estate distributed to the widow under summary distribution. She proceeded to operate the upholstry business for a period of three years in her capacity as owner. Durng that time, mainly through her own diligence in working and attending to the business but also partly because of the war-time scarcity of new furni
It was not until a considerable time after this sale, however (April, 1948), that Jean H. Linford and Phoebe Lin-ford Bingham, decedent’s son and daughter by a prior marriage, hereinafter called petitioners, filed a petition in their own behalf and recited it to be also; in behalf of James S. Linford, a minor son of a son of the decedent, requesting that the administratrix be required to show cause why the summary distribution of the estate to her should not be vacated and that she be compelled to file a correct inventory and. properly distribute the property. They alleged that the above inventory was false and fraudulent and failed to list certain property of the estate. The admin-istratrix demurred; the trial court sustained; and on appeal this court overruled the demurrer, Linford v. Linford, 116 Utah 21, 207 P. 2d 1033, 1035. We held that the decree was subject to attack, even though the time for appeal had run since the entry of the original decree; that the statute of limitations was not properly pleaded and did not apply; that if there was other property which the ad-ministratrix failed to include in her inventory, then she should be required to account for it.
The district court then had a trial of the issues at which the petitioners introduced evidence that the administratrix had failed to include in her original inventory the following items of personal property, which we number for convenience in further referring to them: (1) a 1935 Ford pick-up truck (registered to Linford Upholstery Company) ;
From that judgment the administratrix has appealed. She maintains that because the petitioners were properly noticed concerning the proceedings, that in the absence of fraud, her final account and the decree of summary distribution entered thereon is conclusive upon them, relying on Section 102-11-37, U. C. A. 1943. We are in accord with that contention. In the former opinion in this case, speaking about that statute, this court, by Mr. Justice Wolfe, said:
“In the case of In re Raleigh’s Estate, 48 Utah 128, 158 P. 705, we construed the above quoted statute to mean that the settlement of an account, whether it be a final or an intermediary account, is conclusive as to all items included therein, provided that the statutory requirement of notice has been complied with, and no heir or party is laboring under any legal disability, unless the settlement is set aside in a proceeding in equity for fraud or mistake prosecuted as are proceedings to set aside other judgments. * * *”
In the former Linford decision^ the order overruling the demurrer to the petition was based upon the assumption that the allegations of fraud were true. The evidence produced at the trial utterly fails to support these al-egations and the court made no such findings. Judge Jones not only made no such findings, but his oral statements in his discussions with counsel indicate that he believed the administratrix had proceeded in good faith. That is the only conclusion one could draw from the evidence in the record. The judge did make an express finding that the business had been both carried on and sold in good faith by the widow under the belief that she had a right to do so.
In the absence of fraud, the petitioners having had notice, are bound by the decree as to the property included in the inventory. However, when it later appears that there is additional property properly belonging to the estate it should be brought into the probate proceeding and properly accounted for. See Linford v. Linford, supra, and authorities cited therein.
We therefore direct our attention to the additional items of property hereinabove listed which the trial court ruled should now be included in the supplemental inventory: Item 1, the Ford pick-up truck appraised at $75; and Item 2, the furniture, appraised at $25, were erroneously omitted from the original inventory and are now properly included. Item 3 was a contract whereby decedent and his wife sold real estate to William Hanson. The title actually stood in administratrix’ name; the facts about it are a bit complicated and would not enlighten this
Regarding Item 5, $132 additional interest received on the Ariel Larson notes: The notes and the amount thereof, the rate of interest, and the payments which had been made by Larson, were listed in the inventory, and the then value was placed upon them by properly appointed, disinterested appraisers. In the absence of fraud or collusion, that value stands regardless of the fact that the widow later actually collected this interest in excess of the amount the notes were appraised at.
This is also true of the upholstery business. As before mentioned, the “equity in real estate” of the business was included in the original inventory and appraisement and in addition thereto the “tools and equipment of the Lin-ford Upholstery Company.” This constituted the entire business as it then existed. It is true there was no specific reference to the good will of the business as
It nevertheless appears from the findings of the court that Item 1, the truck, $75; Item 2, the furniture, $25; Item 3, the Hanson contract, $550; and Item 4, the insurance money, $268, must be added.to the original inventory, $1,072, and the estate would thus exceed $1,500 in value.
The question is then presented: When a decree of summary distribution has been procured in good faith and later additional property comes to attention which brings the estate above $1,500, should the decree be vacated and the whole estate subjected to general probate? We think not. As hereinabove stated, decrees of the probate court can be assailed only in equity and upon the same grounds as other judgments. In re Raleigh’s Estate, 48 Utah 128, 158 P. 705; In re Brooks’ Estate, 83 Utah 506, 30 P. 2d 1065; and 4 Brancroft’s Probate Practice, 2d Ed. Sec. 1011, et sequi.
In summary proceedings, inasmuch as no notice to creditors is given, a query arises as to their rights. The answer is found in this: Our statute authorizing summary distribution, Section 102-8-2, U. C.
A. 1943, provides in part:
“* * * In all eases wherein the estate is valued at more than $1,500 the court may, on petition and notice, set apart and distribute*122 property, not to exceed $1,500 in value, to the surviving wife ‡ * # 99
It thus appears that even where the estate exceeds $1,-500 the court may distribute that amount to the widow irrespective of the rights of creditors. When the additional property comes to light it then becomes necessary to give notice to creditors, as was done in this case, and to subject the additional estate to creditors’ claims if any exist. The fact is that the administratrix paid all debts of the estate in the instant case.
We rule that the decree of summary distribution, having been procured in good faith, and no fraud having been proved, is conclusive against the petitioners as to the property included in the original inventory; , that the additional property, Items 1, 2, 3 and 4, be included in the supplemental inventory and allocated in the probate proceeding as provided by law.
The Administratrix should be allowed to charge the estate with the reasonable expenses for attorneys’ fees incurred by her for the work done in connection with the administration of the estate.
As to the minor grandson, James S. Linford, the ad-ministratrix knew of him and his whereabouts but did not list him as an heir in the petition for letters. He received no notice, he has not appeared nor been made a party by guardian, either general or ad litem. We again observe; as was indicated in the prior decision, that his rights are not concluded by the judgment herein. He is entitled to a full and accurate accounting and his proper distributive share of the estate.
The case is returned to the District Court of Cache County for further proceedings consistent with this opinion. Costs are awarded to appellant.