| Conn. | Nov 28, 1894
Under the provisions of § 3053 of the General Statutes as amended, (Public Acts of 1889, chapter cxvn.) the county commissioners of Litchfield county granted a license to Solomon Kirby to sell spirituous and intoxicating liquors in the town of Sharon ; and under the provisions of chapter clxxv. of the Public Acts of 1893, John B. Smith, a citizen and taxpayer of Sharon, appealed from their decision to the Superior Court. The court confirmed the decision of the county commissioners, and this is an appeal by Smith from that order of confirmation.
The finding of the court states that upon the evidence the court found that Kirby was a suitable person to be licensed; that the place in question was a suitable place for the sale of liquors; that the town of Sharon is one where licenses may legally be granted; and thereupon confirmed the granting of the license. The finding also states that upon evidence offered by the appellant as tending to show that Kirby was not a suitable person to be licensed, the following additional and subordinate facts were proved by a fair preponder
Had the appellant claimed as a conclusion of fact that the existence of these facts, in the absence of all other evidence, established the fact that Kirby was not a suitable person to be licensed, the court undoubtedly would have sustained his claim. The only evidence then before the court would have indicated Kirby as having been during the preceding year a willful and habitual violator of the license he held; plainly such a person is not a “ suitable person,” and should under no circumstances have his license renewed; and possibly the conclusion of a court on such facts that such person was a suitable person might be an error in law within the rule laid down in Hayden v. Allyn, 55 Conn., 289. But the appellant did not make and could not have made such a claim. There was other evidence. Such other evidence
The claim of law actually made by the appellant is that the subordinate facts found by the court raise an irrebutable legal presumption that Kirby is not a suitable person to be licensed. There is no foundation for such a claim. The word “suitable” as descriptive of an applicant for license under the statute, is insusceptible of any legal definition that wholly excludes the personal views of the tribunal authorized to determine the suitability of the applicant. A person is “ suitable ” who by reason of his character — his reputation in the community, his previous conduct as a licensee — is shown to be suited or adapted to the orderly conduct of a business which the law regards as so dangerous to public welfare that its transaction by any other than a eai’efully selected person duly licensed is made a criminal offense. It is patent that the adaptability of any person to such a business depends upon facts and circumstances that maj>- be indicated but cannot be fully defined by law, whose probative force will differ in different cases, and must in each case depend largely upon the sound judgment of the selecting tribunal. The word is not new to our legislation in such connection. From the earliest times retailing of liquors to be drunk on the premises has been treated by our legislature as sufficiently dangerous to public order to demand its restriction to licensed persons. In 1703 the statute describes the persons who may be licensed as those who shall be “ thought fit by the justices themselves.” In 1719 the statute, reciting that “ many persons very unfit for that employment have imposed on the County Court so as to obtain license,” provides that the civil authority in the respective
Such being the meaning attached to the word “ suitable,” the statute further guards against the licensing of unfit persons by expressly prohibiting the granting of licenses to certain classes of persons, however suitable an applicant from any such class may he thought by the licensing authority. Quite a number of such classes are specified; it is not claimed that Kirby comes within any such class, unless he has been convicted of a violation of the license law during the year next preceding his application. It is claimed that upon the facts found the court below should have held that Kirby had been so convicted. It is too plain for argument that the judgments of the justice of the peace mentioned in the record, which judgments had been vacated by appeals to the Superior Court, where the prosecutions were then pending, were not convictions within the meaning of the
A new trial is denied.
In this opinion the other judges concurred.