214 Conn. 734 | Conn. | 1990
The sole issue in this appeal is whether Celestine Smith is a covered person under the terms of an insurance policy issued by Hartford Casualty Insurance Company (Hartford Casualty) to Robert Harrington.
Eric Harrington was insured by Nationwide Mutual Insurance Company (Nationwide). Pursuant to its policy, Nationwide paid Smith $30,000 on behalf of its insured.
On appeal, Smith claims she is entitled to recover underinsured motorist benefits under Hartford Casualty’s policy issued to Robert Harrington. Her argument is based upon the premise that once a policy provides liability coverage to an insured, the underinsured motorist coverage therein is coextensive with the liability coverage. In support of her argument, Smith cites the liability coverage section of Hartford Casualty’s policy which provides that “[w]e will pay damages for bodily injury or property damage for which any covered person becomes legally responsible because of an auto accident.” The policy defines “covered person” as “you or any family member for the ownership, maintenance or use of any auto or trailer.” Smith contends that Eric Harrington, as a family member, was
Smith’s analysis, however, crumbles at its foundation because Eric Harrington was not a “covered” person under the liability portion of Robert Harrington’s policy in these circumstances. That policy explicitly excludes from coverage “any vehicle other than your covered auto which is owned by any family member.” Thus, it did not provide liability coverage to Eric Harrington while he was driving his own vehicle, a vehicle not covered by the policy. Apparently recognizing this limitation, Smith cites our decision in Harvey v. Travelers Indemnity Co., 188 Conn. 245, 248, 449 A.2d 157 (1982), to argue that uninsured motorist coverage attaches to the insured person and therefore “an insured party may receive the benefits of a policy even though not occupying a vehicle insured under the policy.” Thus, Smith asks this court to invalidate the policy’s exclusion “in the context of uninsured/ underinsured motorist coverage.” This approach, she claims, would further the public policy embodied in General Statutes § 38-175c and § 38-175a-6 (a) of the Regulations of Connecticut State Agencies.
Unlike Harvey, however, Smith is not an insured under the defendant’s policy. The portion of the policy defining uninsured motorist coverage provides: “We will pay damages which a covered person is legally entitled to recover from the owner or operator of an
There is no dispute that the “you” in the first definition refers to Robert Harrington. Furthermore, Smith obviously is not a Harrington family member and therefore is not a “covered” person under the first definition. Similarly, when Smith was injured, she was not occupying a covered auto, i.e., one of the two automobiles described in the policy, and therefore does not fall within the second definition. Since she does not fall within either the first or second definitions, she automatically does not fall within the third.
Smith claims that these provisions are invalid because they “are attempted exclusions based upon the claimant’s occupancy of a particular vehicle or upon the naming of a particular vehicle in the policy.” We disagree. These provisions are not exclusions from coverage but rather simply definitions of who is an “insured” and a “covered person” under the terms of the policy. “ Tn an insurance policy, an exclusion is a provision which eliminates coverage where, were it not for the exclusion, coverage would have existed.’ Kansas-Nebraska Natural Gas Co. v. Hawkeye-Security Ins. Co., 195 Neb. 658, 664, 240 N.W.2d 28 (1976) [Citations omitted.] .... ‘It is apparent, then, that before the need for an exclusion arises, there must first be coverage within the defined scope of the policy.’ McMahon v. Boston Old Colony Ins. Co., 67 App. Div. 2d 757, 758, 412
There is no error.
In this opinion the other justices concurred.
The trial court concluded that because Celestine Smith failed to present either oral argument or a brief to support her claims against Nationwide Mutual Insurance Company (Nationwide), that portion of the claim was deemed abandoned. Nevertheless, on October 3,1989, the trial court granted Smith’s motion to join and consolidate the appeals in Smith v. Nationwide Mutual Insurance Company and Hartford Casualty Insurance Company v. Smith. Again, Smith has failed to brief any issue pertaining to Nationwide, therefore we will consider that appeal abandoned.
Smith also received $20,000 from Prudential Insurance, pursuant to the underinsured motorist coverage provided by a policy on a car owned by her mother.
“[General Statutes] Sec. 38-175c. uninsured motorist coverage. (a) (1) Every such policy shall provide insurance, herein called uninsured motorist coverage, in accordance with such regulations, with limits for bodily injury or death not less than those specified in subsection (a) of section 14-112, for the protection of persons insured thereunder who are legally entitled to recover damages from owners or operators of uninsured motor vehicles and underinsured motor vehicles and insured motor vehicles, the insurer of which becomes insolvent prior to payment of such damages,
“(2) Notwithstanding any provision of this section to the contrary, every such policy issued or renewed on and after July 1,1984, shall provide uninsured motorist coverage with limits for bodily injury and death equal to those purchased to protect against loss resulting from the liability imposed by law unless the insured requests in writing a lesser amount, but not less than the limits specified in subsection (a) of section 14-112. Such written request shall apply to all subsequent renewals of coverage and to all policies or endorsements which extend, change, supersede or replace an existing policy issued to the named insured, unless changed in writing by the insured.
“(b) (1) An insurance company shall be obligated to make payment to its insured up to the limits of the policy’s uninsured motorist coverage after the limits of liability under all bodily injury liability bonds or insurance poli*739 cies applicable at the time of the accident have been exhausted by payment of judgments or settlements, but in no event shall the total amount of recovery from all policies, including any amount recovered under the insured’s uninsured motorist coverage, exceed the limits of the insured’s uninsured motorist coverage.
“(2) For the purposes of this section, an ‘underinsured motor vehicle’ means a motor vehicle with respect to which the sum of the limits of liability under all bodily injury liability bonds and insurance policies applicable at the time of the accident is less than the applicable limits of liability under the uninsured motorist portion of the policy against which claim is made under subdivision (1) of this subsection.”
Section 38-175a-6 of the Regulations of Connecticut State Agencies provides: “minimum provision for protection against uninsured MOTORISTS
“(a) Coverage. The insurer shall undertake to pay on behalf of the insured all sums which the insured shall be legally entitled to recover as damages from the owner or operator of an uninsured motor vehicle because of bodily injury sustained by the insured caused by an accident involving the uninsured motor vehicle. This coverage shall insure the occupants of every motor vehicle to which the bodily injury liability coverage applies. ‘Uninsured motor vehicle’ includes a motor vehicle insured against liability by an insurer that is or becomes insolvent. ...”