144 P. 1158 | Or. | 1914
delivered the opinion of the court.
Viewed in its entirety, this proceeding is in the nature of a suit to foreclose a pledge of corporate stock. On November 8, 1912, defendants Oliver Anderson and Hannah Anderson executed and delivered to "W. B. Daggett a promissory note for $3,000. As an earnest of the payment of the obligation, 100 shares of the capital stock of the Vancouver Packing Company were transferred by the makers of the note to the payee. According to the complaint, on January 24,1913, before maturity, and for a valuable consideration, W. B. Daggett, without recourse, assigned and delivered to plaintiff the promissory note and the corporate stock given to secure the payment thereof. Continuing, the pleading recounts that Oliver Anderson and Hannah Anderson, in January, 1913, sold and delivered to the Frank A. Sweeney Company, a corporation, the plant and all the personal property of the Vancouver Packing Company, and as a part of the consideration of the sale the purchaser assumed and agreed to repay the note and redeemed the corporate stock. In the prayer the court is asked to pronounce judgment upon the note, and “that the said pledge be foreclosed, and that the certificates of stock be sold according to law and the practice of this court.”
After conceding certain of the allegations and denying others, defendants, aver matters which they insist
“That before the execution of said note and the pledge of said collateral, and the making of the trade by these defendants, the Andersons, with said Scott and Leonard, as above pleaded, the said R. C. Scott and T. J. Leonard represented to these defendants that said capital stock of the Vancouver Packing Company was worth at least $21,000, such value being based upon the plant and assets of the said Vancouver Packing Company; that these defendants, the Andersons, believed said representations as to value and relied on the same in making said trade and in executing and delivering said note and stock, and were ignorant of the true value of said capital stock and plant, and but for said representations would not have made said trade, or executed and de*93 livered said note, or pledged said collateral; that soon after the transfer of the plant of said Vancouver Packing Company to the other defendant herein, the Frank A. Sweeney Company, and the assumption by said company of said note, these defendants, the Andersons, discovered that the aforesaid representations made by E. C. Scott and T. J. Leonard were in fact false and fraudulent, and were made by them for the purpose and with the intent of defrauding these defendants, the Andersons,' and cheating them of their aforesaid real estate, and inducing them to execute and deliver the said promissory note and to pledge said stock; that said plant and capital stock were in fact of no value, as the said E. C. Scott and T. J. Leonard well knew; that by reason of said fraudulent representations these defendants, the Andersons, have received no value or consideration for said promissory note or the pledge of said stock and have been damaged in a large sum in connection with said trade. ’ ’
From recitals found in the judgment we are informed that by consent of the parties a jury was impaneled to determine: (1) Whether plaintiff is a holder of the note in good faith, for value, and without notice. (2) Whether the defense of fraud was substantiated by defendants. On the first proposition the jury returned a verdict that plaintiff did not take the note in good faith, for value, and without notice. As to the second inquiry, the judgment recites that plaintiff expressly consented to the form of the verdict which was returned by the jury:
“We the jury impaneled in the above-entitled cause to try certain issues therein, find that the defendants Oliver Anderson and Hannah Anderson received no value for the three thousand dollar ($3,000) note in question.”
Sequentially, the court entered a judgment dismissing the cause. The record on appeal consists of the
“That before the execution of said note and the pledge of said collateral and the making of the trade by these defendants, the Andersons, with said Scott and Leonard, as above pleaded, the said R. C. Scott and T. J. Leonard represented to these defendants that said capital stock of the Vancouver Packing Company was worth at least $21,000, such value being based upon the plant and assets of said Vancouver Packing Company.”
Was this pecuniary statement one of fact or of opinion? A statement which by reason either of its form or subject matter amounts merely to an expression of opinion is not actionable, for it is one upon which reliance cannot safely be placed; however, it is not
“As a general rule, the mere expression of an opinion which is understood to be only an opinion does not render the person expressing it liable for fraud; but where the statements are as to value or quality, and are made by a person knowing them to be untrue, with intent to deceive and mislead the one to whom they are made, and by which he is misled, they may amount to an affirmation of fact rendering him liable therefor. The rule that no one is liable for an expression of an opinion is applicable only when the opinion stands by itself as a distinct thing.”