197 Ky. 790 | Ky. Ct. App. | 1923
-Affirming,
Dink Slaven, who was convicted of confederating and his punishment fixed at four years’ confinement in the-penitentiary, appeals from the judgment of conviction..
Appellant was1 indicted under section 1241a-l, Kentucky Statutes, which makes it -a felony, “If any two or more persons shall confederate .or band themselves together for the purpose -of intimidating, alarming, disturbing or injuring any person or persons', etc.” The indictment charged in substance that on the 14th day of' March, 1920, and before the finding of the indictment,, appellant -and Elisha Slaven did unlawfully, wilfully,, maliciously and feloniously confederate and band themselves together for the purpose of intimidating, alarming, disturbing and injuring Elisha Spradlin, and, in pursuance of said confederating and banding themselves-together, 'did intimidate, alarm, disturb and injure the-said Elisha Spradlin by -striking him with a pistol and by drawing a knife upon him, -etc.
The facts are these: .Shortly before the attack, -appellant’s brother told him that Spradlin had accused him of changing the mark -on a hog. This made appellant so-mad that he could hardly wait until he got to Spradlin. Appellant -and his brother then went to the home of Mrs. Winchester, where Spradlin lived, and demanded admittance. When the door was opened they asked if Spradlin lived there, -and appellant began to curse- Spradlin. Those present tried to restrain appellant from going' into the room where S-pradiin was in bed, but could not. do so. Appellant’s, brother drew a knife -and made one-of those living in the house take his -hands -off appellant, in order that -appellant might go to Spradlin’s room.. Appellant and his brother then went into 'the room,, lighted a match and appellant struck Spradlin with a. pistol, while his brother -struck him with a knife-. Appellant and his brother then desisted because those present begged them to do so. Appellant and his brother-admitted the assault, but claimed that there was no prior' agreement between them to injure Spradlin, or any banding together for that purpose.
It is first insisted -that the proof was not sufficient to-show a conspiracy. A conspiracy may be shown by the circumstances and direct .proof Is not necessary. It was shown that appellant, on being informed of the-remark
The instruction is assailed on the ground thiat it authorized appellant’s, conviction if he and his brother “did confederate .and band themselves together for the purpose of intimidating, alarming, disturbing or injuring the witness, Elisha Spradlin, etc.,” without requiring the jury to believe that they did so unlawfully, willfully and feloniously. Since the statute makes it a felony for two or more persons to hand themselves together for the purpose of injuring another, it necessarily results that two persons cannot hand themselves, together for such ¡purpose without doing so unlawfully, wilfully and feloniously. That being true, it was not error to. omit these words from the- instruction.
While it is always proper to define the word, “conspiracy,” when used in an instruction, yet the court’s failure to do so was not prejudicial. The instruction submitted the question whether appellant .and his brother did confederate and band themselves together for the purpose of intimidating, alarming, disturbing or injuring Elisba Spradlin, and whether, in pursuance of and in furtherance of said confederation or conspiracy, they did injure him. In other words, the facts constituting a conspiracy under the statute wer e submitted to the jury, and a further definition would have thrown no additional light on the question.
Another contention is that the court erred in failing to give an instruction on assault and battery. In support of this position it is argued that as the assault and battery were admitted, appellant’s only defense was that there was no handing together for that purpose, and a failure to give an instruction on assault and battery necessarily deprived him of the. only defense he had. The Code provides that upon an indictment for an offense consisting of different 'degrees the defendant may
“Here the crime of assaulting with intent to rob cannot be made out without establishing an assault or as¡sault and battery with isuch intent; and if the assault is committed without the additional circumstance of an intention to rob, then the assault is but a mere misdemeanor. But the intent to rob, and a conviction for it, absorbs the misdemeanor into the higher crime of felony; so likewise the higher crime of murder absorbs the offense of the mere assault and battery. But if the murder be not established, the party may be punished for the assault and battery, and if the person was not convicted of the assault.with intent to rob, but committed a common assault and battery, he may be found guilty of misdemeanor, because it is but a degree of the crime of assault with intent to rob.”
It is apparent, however, that the above sections of the Criminal Code have no application to a case like this. Here appellant and his brother were accused “of the of
On the whole we find no error in the record prejudi-. ci-al to the’substantial rights of appellant;
Judgment affirmed.