40 S.C. 529 | S.C. | 1894
The opinion of the court was delivered by
The Circuit Judge who heard this case states that the action was brought in the Court of Trial Justice, to recover the possession of a sewing machine, alleged to be the property of the plaintiff, and wrongfully withheld or
“Lease. — This certifies that I, Eaiford Smith, now residing in the town of Darlington, State of South Carolina, have received of the Singer Manufacturing Company one Singer sewing machine [describing it], with apparatus belonging thereto, all-in good order, and valued at fifty-five dollars, which I am to use with care, and keep in like good order, and for the use of which I agree to pay as follows: ten dollars on the delivery of this agreement, the receipt whereof is hereby acknowledged, and accepted as payment for the rent of the first month only, and then at the rate of three dollars per month, payable in advance, on the 22d day of each month hereafter for fifteen months, at its agency in Darlington, S. C., without notice or demand. But if default shall be made in either of said payments, or if I shall sell or offer to sell, remove or attempt to remove, the said machine from my aforesaid residence, without the written consent of the said company, then and in that case I agree to return the same, and that it or its agent may renew actual possession thereof; and I hereby authorize and empower the said company or its agent to enter the premises wherever said machine may be, and take and carry the same away, hereby waiving any action for trespass or damages therefor, and disclaiming any right of resistance thereto; and also waive all right of homstead and other exemptions, under the laws of the State, as against this obligation. Witness my hand and seal, this February 22, 1890. (Signed) Eaiford Smith [l. s.] Attest: George F. Eogers.
“Notice to parties signing this lease: Eead the terms of this lease before signing it, as no statement or agreement or understanding, verbal or written, not contained herein will be recognized by ns. (Signed) The Singer Manufacturing Company.”
The defendant answered orally in the Trial Justice Court: (1) “That defendant bought machine, which was guaranteed; that defendant has already paid on the machine $32.50, which is more than it is worth; that it is an old second hand machine. (2) That although the paper sued on is claimed to be á lease,
Testimony was admitted, over objections, tending to show that the machine was warranted, and the warranty was broken, the machine being, as alleged, an old “second-hand instrument,” not worth the money already paid for it. The trial justice held that the title to the property was in the plaintiff company, and gave judgment for the delivery of it to them, without any regard to the payments which had been made. The defendant appealed to the Circuit Court, and his honor, Judge Izlar, held that the “instrument sued on was one of sale and not of hiring, and that it was in effect a chattel mortgage. That while the contract is in some respects very similar to that set out in the case of Ludden & Bates’ Southern Music House v. Dusenbury, 27 S. C., 464, there is a marked difference between the two instruments. * * * The intention of the contracting-parties in the case named could only be discovered from the words used in the contract, while the testimony in the present casé stamps the transaction as a sale, and not as a lease or hiring. * * * The instrument under consideration was evidently given to secure the purchase price of the sewing machine. It is settled law that if a security for money is intended, that security is a mortgage, though it may not bear upon its face the form of a mortgage. Conditional sales are not favored in law, and where it is doubtful from the face of the instrument whether the contract is a conditional sale or a mortgage, the courts generally treat it as a mortgage, for the reason that such construction will be most apt to attain the ends of justice, and prevent fraud and oppression. The rights and remedies of a mortgagor are widely different from those of a lessee of a chattel. While the mortgagee of a chattel, after the condition of the mortgage is.broken, becomes the legal owner of the chattel mortgaged, and can maintain an action to recover its possession, the mortgagor before foreclosure by sale may bring an action to redeem the mortgaged property, or in case of foreclosure by
•The judgment of this court is, that the judgment of the Circuit Court be reversed, and the judgment of the trial justice affirmed.