115 Mich. App. 63 | Mich. Ct. App. | 1982
Plaintiff Richard Shelters appeals from a provision in the April 20, 1981, divorce judgment which reserved a decision on the
During the parties’ marriage they had two children, Matthew David and Sara. On April 22, 1980, plaintiff filed for divorce and the court, pursuant to an agreement by the parties, awarded temporary custody of the parties’ son to plaintiff and the parties’ daughter to defendant. The order awarding temporary custody also provided that neither party would remove the children from the state without written stipulation by the other party and written consent of the Washtenaw County Friend of the Court. After filing an answer in which she requested the court to award her permanent custody of both children, defendant removed the parties’ daughter to Kentucky and later to California. On June 19, 1980, plaintiff petitioned for change of possession and permanent custody of both children.
When defendant’s attorney withdrew from the case at defendant’s request, the trial court awarded temporary custody of both children to plaintiff in an effort to assure that Sara would be interviewed and evaluated by the Washtenaw County Friend of the Court. Defendant failed to return Sara to Michigan.
Although notice was sent to defendant and her former attorney, defendant failed to appear for the pretrial conference and the trial. The trial was held on October 29, 1980, during which plaintiff introduced a number of witnesses who testified that he was a good father. The witnesses also testified that defendant was not a good housekeeper and used controlled substances.
Following trial, the court rendered an opinion in which it granted plaintiff custody of the parties’ son but reserved decision on permanent custody of
Plaintiff petitioned the trial court for clarification and for reconsideration of its opinion concerning custody of Sara. While the trial court admitted it took Sara’s custody under advisement based on the reports submitted by the California social workers, it refused to modify its original opinion. On April 20, 1981, the trial court entered a judgment of divorce which provided that the custody of Sara could be reserved. Plaintiff appeals the decision claiming the trial court’s decision regarding custody of Sara was error because it was based upon reports which were not part of the record.
This Court reviews divorce matters de novo upon the record but gives great weight to the trial court’s findings of fact where the trial judge saw
When a custody dispute arises between parents, the court’s primary concern must be the best interest of the child. MCL 722.25; MSA 25.312(5). To determine the best interests of the child, the court is required to analyze and make findings of fact on the specific factors enumerated under MCL 722.23; MSA 25.312(3). Cooper v Cooper, 93 Mich App 220, 226; 285 NW2d 819 (1979), Troxler v Troxler, 87 Mich App 520, 523; 274 NW2d 835 (1978). The findings of a trial judge relative to custody must be based upon competent evidence adduced in the custody hearing. Sweet v Sweet, 329 Mich 251, 256; 45 NW2d 58 (1950), Nichols, supra, 591. Where child custody becomes a disputed matter, the friend of the court’s recommendation is not admissible in evidence except by stipulation of the parties. Sweet, supra, 256, Nichols, supra, 591. While the trial judge may consider the friend of the court’s report, his decision on the custody issue must be based upon properly received evidence. Brugel v Hildebrant, 332 Mich 475, 484; 52 NW2d 190 (1952), McCarthy v McCarthy, 74 Mich App 105, 109; 253 NW2d 672 (1977). Finally, reports from other states which are similar to a friend of the court recommendation are also not admissible unless the parties so stipulate. Adams v Adams, 100 Mich App 1, 15; 298 NW2d 871 (1980), lv den 409 Mich 935 (1980).
The dispute in this case arises over the custody
Custody determinations should be expedited, not left hanging or based on stale evidence. We remand to the trial court for a definite decision on the issue of Sara’s custody based upon competent evidence and not the hearsay reports. Both parties shall be given an opportunity to supplement the record with any new evidence relevant to that issue. Roudabush v Roudabush, 62 Mich App 391, 395; 233 NW2d 596 (1975).
Remanded. We do not retain jurisdiction.