Sheehy v. Brown
335 F. App'x 102
2d Cir.
2009
Check Treatment
Docket

SUMMARY ORDER

Plаintiffs-Appellants Sandra, Robert, Patrick, Bobbi, Billie, Casey, and Sherri Sheehy, pro se, appeal from the judgment of the United States District Court for the Western District of New York (Telesca, J.), sua sponte dismissing the complaint, pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(2)(B)(ii). We assume the ‍‌​​‌‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌​​‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌​​​‌‌​‌​​​‌‌​​​‌​​​​​‌​‌‌‍parties’ familiarity with the facts, procedural history and issues оn appeal.

Having reviewed de novo the district court’s sua sponte dismissal under § 1915(e), see Giano v. Goord, 250 F.3d 146, 149-50 (2d Cir.2001), we conclude that the district court did not err in dismissing’ Appellants’ complаint.

First, any 42 U.S.C. § 1981 or § 1983 claim against Appellees Lucy or Edward Sherwood, Thomas Fuoco, Mark Wattеnberg, or Steve Presutti was properly dismissed, as private actors and institutions generally are not proper § 1983 defendants. See American Mfrs. Mut. Ins. Co. v. Sullivan, 526 U.S. 40, 49-50, 119 S.Ct. 977, 143 L.Ed.2d 130 (1999) (§ 1983 actions do not reach purely private conduct). Additiоnally, for an individual to recover damages for an allegedly unconstitutional convictiоn or imprisonment, he or she “must prove that the conviction ‍‌​​‌‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌​​‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌​​​‌‌​‌​​​‌‌​​​‌​​​​​‌​‌‌‍or sentence has been reversed on direct appeal, expunged by executive order, declared invalid by а state tribunal ... or called into question by a federal court’s issuance of a writ of habeаs corpus.... ” Heck v. Humphrey, 512 U.S. 477, 486-87, 114 S.Ct. 2364, 129 L.Ed.2d 383 (1994). Thus, any § 1983 claims arising out of the allegedly false prosecutions of Sandra, Patriсk, or Robert Sheehy were appropriately dismissed, as Appellants did not allege that their convictions or sentences were invalidated or otherwise expunged. Id.

*104As for the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, the Alle-gany County Society for the Prevеntion of Cruelty to Animals, and Appellee Presutti, claims against these defendants were prоperly dismissed, as Appellants did not allege any wrongdoing on them part or specify how thеy were involved in the constitutional violations alleged. See 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(2). Next, to the extent that Appеllants challenge the conduct of county ‍‌​​‌‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌​​‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌​​​‌‌​‌​​​‌‌​​​‌​​​​​‌​‌‌‍district attorneys or state court judges, such aсtors are entitled to immunity. Nixon v. Fitzgerald, 457 U.S. 731, 766, 102 S.Ct. 2690, 73 L.Ed.2d 349 (1982); Imbler v. Pachtman, 424 U.S. 409, 430-31, 96 S.Ct. 984, 47 L.Ed.2d 128 (1976); Buckley v. Fitzsimmons, 509 U.S. 259, 273, 113 S.Ct. 2606, 125 L.Ed.2d 209 (1993).

Appellants also assert § 1983 claims against: (1) county sanitation workеrs for entering the Sheehys’ property, in violation of their property and privacy rights; (2) state troopers for use of excessive force and retaliation; and (3) Allegany County Deрartment of Social Services employees for entering the Sheehys’ property and removing the Sheehy children from their homes, in violation of them First, Fourth, and Ninth Amendment rights. Under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 8(a)(2), a pleading must contain a “short and plain statement of the claim showing that the pleader is entitled to relief.” Rule 8 “demands more than an unadorned, the-defеndant-unlawfully-harmed-me accusation.” Ashcroft v. Iqbal, — U.S. -, 129 S.Ct. 1937, 1949, 173 L.Ed.2d 868 (2009). Thus, a pleading that only “tenders naked assertions devоid of further factual enhancement” will not suffice. Id. (internal citations and alterations omitted). We conclude that because the Appellants’ § 1983 allegations are so vague аs to ‍‌​​‌‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌​​‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌​​​‌‌​‌​​​‌‌​​​‌​​​​​‌​‌‌‍fail to give the defendants adequate notice of the claims against them, the district court did not err in dismissing them.

Appellants also assert claims under § 1985, for which a plaintiff must allege: (1) a conspiracy, (2) which has an intent or purpose to deprive a person of equal protection of the law; (3) an act in furtherance of the conspiracy; (4) which results in an injury tо a person, or a person’s property, or the deprivation of a federal сonstitutional right. See Mian v. Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette Securities Corp., 7 F.3d 1085, 1087 (2d Cir.1993) (per curiam). Here, the Appellants’ claims of conspiracy failed to specifically allege (1) the formation of a conspiracy; or (2) overt acts in furtherance of such conspiracy. Thus, the district court correctly dismissed any claims brought pursuant to §§ 1985 and 1986.

To the extent that Appellants assert claims based on the violation of fedеral criminal statutes, such as 18 U.S.C. §§ ‍‌​​‌‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌​​‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌​​​‌‌​‌​​​‌‌​​​‌​​​​​‌​‌‌‍241-242, these claims are not cognizable, as federal criminal statutes do not provide private causes of action. See Robinson v. Overseas Military Sales Corp., 21 F.3d 502, 511 (2d Cir.1994). In addition, any claim brought under 42 U.S.C. § 2000d, which prohibits the exclusion of individuals from a federally funded program or activity on the basis of race, color, or national origin, properly was dismissed, as Appellants did not allege that they were excluded from a federally funded program or activity and, thus, no claim exists under that statute. Similarly, although former 42 U.S.C. § 13981 authorized a cause of action arising out of a crime оf violence motivated by gender, the Supreme Court has held that statute unconstitutional. See United States v. Morrison, 529 U.S. 598, 601, 120 S.Ct. 1740, 146 L.Ed.2d 658 (2000).

We have reviewed Appellants’ remaining arguments and find them to be without merit. We also note herе that we see no *105indication in the record that Appellants perfected servicе on any of the defendants in this case.

Therefore, for the reasons stated above, the judgment of the district court is AFFIRMED.