277 N.W. 45 | Neb. | 1938
This case was tried in the district court for Howard county; jury waived. The will in question was admitted to probate. Contestant appeals.
The contestant contends that the court erred in admitting the will to probate without the allegation and proof of testamentary capacity of deceased, over objections of contestant made before the introduction of any evidence.
The petition on appeal alleges, in substance, that Josepha Wotke died at her home in Howard county on August 4, 1935, leaving a last will and testament; sets forth the heirs and property of the deceased, the filing of the will for probate; provides for notice of hearing, and prays that the will be admitted to probate. The contestant's answer consists, in part, of a general denial, and objections to the probate of the will, because (1) it was not executed as required by law; (2) Josepha Wotke did not have mental ability and testamentary capacity to execute a will, and was not of sound mind and memory.
Both proponent and contestant cite Seebrock v. Fedawa, 30 Neb. 424, 46 N. W. 650, wherein it was held: “The burden is upon the proponent of a will, both in the county court and in the district court on appeal, to prove, not only the execution of the will, but the capacity of the testator.” This holding was followed in Murry v. Hennessey, 48 Neb. 608, 67 N. W. 470, and in In re Estate of Sweeney, 94 Neb. 834, 144 N. W. 902.
In In re Estate of Strelow, 117 Neb. 168, 220 N. W. 251, we held: “A legatee or devisee who seeks probate of a claimed will carries the burden of alleging and proving, not only that the testator was possessed of authority and capacity to make the will, but also that the instrument is
In the instant case, the contestant’s answer put in issue the testamentary capacity of the deceased, and, in the absence of a demurrer to the petition, we deem this sufficient.
Relative to the question of burden of proof, in the body of the opinion in In re Estate of Bayer, 119 Neb. 191, 227 N. W. 928, we find this language (p. 192) : “In this state the burden is upon the proponents of a will to prove, not only the execution of the will, but the capacity of the testator. In Seebrock v. Fedawa, 30 Neb. 424, it was said: Tt is the duty of the proponents in the first instance to offer sufficient testimony of the capacity of the testator to make out a prima facie case.’ We are not prepared to say that, where the proponents prove the testator to have been capable of transacting ordinary business, he is required to go further in order to make a prima facie case of testamentary capacity. The proponents having established a prima facie case as to the testamentary capacity of the deceased, it is necessary, in order to defeat the will, that the contestants introduce sufficient evidence to overcome the presumption arising out of the prima facie case made by proponents. The burden of proof does not shift, but the burden of going ahead, as some authorities put it, does.”
In the instant case, under the statement of law as made
At the time the will in question was made, Josepha Wotke was living in Columbus, Nebraska. Accompanied by her granddaughter, who lived with her, she went to the office of Becher, Hockenberger & Chambers in Columbus for the purpose of making a will. The will was dated March 7, 1918. In October, 1918, Josepha Wotke removed from Columbus to the home of her daughter and son-in-law in Boelus, Nebraska. After her death, the son-in-law, David Seifert, proponent, and John Seifert, her grandson, went to Columbus, contacted Fred B. Wotke, the contestant, and the three of them visited the office of Becher, Hockenberger & Chambers, and directed that the will of Josepha Wotke be sent to the courthouse in St. Paul, Nebraska. The evidence further discloses that Josepha Wotke transacted her own ordinary business affairs.
The will is simple and direct, conveys her intentions and disposes of $5,000 of personal property by giving to her daughter, with whom she lived, all of her estate after the payment of her just debts, with the exception of $10 to each of her two sons. There is no evidence on behalf of the contestant that in any way seeks to discredit the testimony of the proponent, or to the effect that Josepha Wotke was not of sound mind; or to the effect that she did not know the objects of her bounty or amount of her property; or to the effect that she was incapable of transacting ordinary business. In fact, her testamentary capacity is questioned only as a matter of law, and not by any evidence adduced on behalf of contestant.
The contestant further contends that the will in question is a forgery, on the theory that there is a difference in the spelling of the deceased’s name in the will, which difference appears in none of her signatures which contestant or proponent is able to find, namely, that the signature in the will is spelled J-o-s-e-p-h-a; that the char
Therefore, we have a situation where one expert witness testifies for the contestant; two witnesses, closely related to the deceased, testify for the proponent as to the genuineness of her signature in the will, and one witness subsequently changes his testimony. This presents a question of fact, in direct conflict, for the trial judge to determine. The testimony of experts is not conclusive, although the
The contestant questions the signatures of the attesting witnesses to the will and claims the same to be forgeries. The evidence in this respect discloses that Gus G. Becher testified positively that the signatures of the attesting witnesses, M. Brugger and H. F. J. Hockenberger, were genuine; that he knew them well in their lifetime; knew their handwriting and had seen it on many occasions because he was subsequently a member of the firm, taking the place of his father, since deceased. Likewise, Phil R. Hockenberger, a son of the attesting witness, H. F. J. Hockenberger, who was a member of the same firm for years and who had seen his father sign his name on numerous occasions, testified that the signature of his father in the will as attesting witness was genuine. In this evidence and in the testimony of the expert, called for the contestant, together with that of the witness Louis, wherein he testified first for the proponent as to the genuineness of Hockenberger’s signature, and later for the contestant, stating that Hockenberger’s signature was a forgery, we have a conflict in the testimony for the trial judge to determine. There seems to be no doubt as to the genuineness of the signature of M. Brugger as an attesting witness to the will.
“When a jury is waived and a law action is tried to the court, findings of fact have the same effect as findings of a jury. They will not be set aside unless clearly wrong.” Vohland v. Barron, 126 Neb. 50, 252 N. W. 470. See Elmcreek Ditch Co. v. St. John, 127 Neb. 253, 255 N. W. 16; Nelson v. Nelson, ante, p. 458, 275 N. W. 829.
The judgment of the trial court admitting the will to probate is
Affirmed.