SCHWENKHOFF, by Guаrdian ad litem, Appellant, v. FARMERS MUTUAL AUTOMOBILE INSURANCE COMPANY and another, Respondents.
Supreme Court of Wisconsin
December 2, 1958—January 2, 1959.
Motion for reheаring denied, with $25 costs, on March 3, 1959.
6 Wis. 2d 44
For the respondents there was a brief by Langer & Cross of Baraboo, joined in by James R. Seering, district attorney of Sauk county, and oral argument by Mr. Clyde C. Cross and Mr. Seering.
Appellant contends (1) that the rule in the Wick Case merely forbids litigation between the child and its parent; (2) that the father, by obtaining insurance аgainst liability for negligence, has transferred liability to the Insurance Company аnd the statutes and insurance policy permit a direct action against the insurer without joining the parent; and (3) that by
The subject has received the attention of this court in later cases, among which are Zutter v. O‘Connell, 200 Wis. 601, 229 N. W. 74; Segall v. Ohio Casualty Co. 224 Wis. 379, 272 N. W. 665; and Lasecki v. Kabara, 235 Wis. 645, 294 N. W. 33.
In Fidelity Savings Bank v. Aulik, 252 Wis. 602, 32 N. W. (2d) 613, the reverse of thе rule was considered. In that case the father was a passenger in a сar operated by his unemancipated minor son. In that case no action was permitted on behalf of the estate of the parent against the minor son or his insurance company.
The appellant claims that the rule in the Wick Case was relaxed in Le Sage v. Le Sage, 224 Wis. 57, 271 N. W. 369. In that case the plaintiff was injured as а result of the negligence of her father in the operation of an automobile. The automobile was owned by one Dolly Le Sage, a sister of C. F. Le Sаge, who was the father of the plaintiff. The automobile was driven at the express direction and for the direct benefit of Dolly Le Sage and recovery was permitted against her and her insurer under the doctrine of respondeat superior. The appellant contends that this was a modification of the rule in the Wick Case. However, in the Segall Case, supra, which was decided in thе same year and is reported in the same volume, the rule in the Wick Case was reaffirmеd. The same attorney appeared for the plaintiff in the Le Sage Case and in the Segall Case, and the same attorneys represented the defendants in both of said actions.
All of the аrguments advanced by the appellant have been considered by this cоurt in other cases involving actions by or on behalf of unemancipated minors against a parent. A careful reading of the decisions in the cases cited above will show that there has been no relaxation or modification of the rule pronounced in the Wick Case. In some of the deci-
So far as the appellant is concerned, she had no cause of action against the insurer of her father‘s automobile. Since she only had a cause of action against Sauk county it was improper to join her action with the cause of action brought by the mother which invоlved an additional defendant, Farmers Mutual Automobile Insurance Company. Vаda Schwenkhoff did not appeal. The action of the trial court in dismissing the сomplaint as to Lonette with leave to plead over was proрer.
By the Court.—Order affirmed.
FAIRCHILD, J. (concurring). This case poses a problem which needs a better solution than we find is in the province of the court. Perhaps it would be no more disruptive of the family relationship to destroy the father‘s immunity from an action for personаl injuries brought by his child than it has been to destroy the husband‘s immunity from similar action by his wife. Perhaрs, because the problem more frequently arises in connection with injuries caused by the operation of automobiles, it would be better simply to require that the automobile liability insurer of a parent be directly liable to an injured child, notwithstanding the parent‘s immunity by reason of his parenthood. I agree, however, with the majority of the court that in this situation the choice of solutions should be made by the legislature.