199 A. 150 | Pa. | 1938
This action is in assumpsit to recover the sum of $10,000 deposited with defendant subject to the terms of an oral agreement. The jury returned a verdict for defendant. Plaintiff's motions for a new trial and for judgment n. o. v. were denied. This appeal followed.
Plaintiff was the owner of premises subject to a first mortgage held by defendant, which, being in default, plaintiff was requested to pay. In deferring its demand for plaintiff's accommodation, defendant agreed to accept a deposit of $10,000 in a "suspense account" subject to the terms of an oral agreement, which the jury, in response to directions for a special finding, determined to be as follows: The deposit might be applied to the mortgage at defendant's option, but if plaintiff should, before such application, arrange a sale of the mortgage, or a sale of the property with payment of the mortgage by the purchaser, or reduction to the extent of $10,000, then the deposit was to be returned.
While holding this $10,000 account, none of the conditions upon which the money was to be returned having been satisfied, defendant, being in financial straits, arranged with the Pennsylvania Company for Insurances on Lives and Granting Annuities to guarantee its deposit liabilities, assigning as security for the undertaking certain of its assets, including the mortgage on plaintiff's premises. Subsequently the Pennsylvania Company foreclosed the mortgage, then seriously in default, and took title to the premises. Defendant thereupon applied the proceeds of the "suspense account" in reduction of the mortgage debt.
Plaintiff urges principally that defendant's right so to apply the $10,000 terminated on its assignment of the mortgage to the Pennsylvania Company. The contention ignores the fact that the assignment was not absolute but was only a pledge for security. "In a pledge the general property remains with the pledgor and only a special property passes to the pledgee":Union Trust *543 Company v. Long,
Nor does it make a difference that the "suspense account" was listed as one of defendant's liabilities guaranteed by the Pennsylvania Company. Plaintiff urges that this fact recognized the deposit as defendant's unconditional liability and worked a waiver of defendant's right later to charge the deposit to the mortgage. On the contrary, the fact indicated only that defendant remained willing to return the amount to plaintiff, if the terms of the oral agreement were satisfied. Since this has not happened, he cannot now demand repayment.
Plaintiff complains of the admission into evidence of certain letters written him by the defendant requesting payment of the $10,000, in accordance with the agreement. It is argued that these are self-serving declarations, although when offered at trial they were objected to only as immaterial. Since plaintiff admits he paid the $10,000 pursuant to the demand, admission of the letters, which throw no light on what the real agreement actually was, did him no harm. Moreover, the letters were not self-serving. They were written to bring about compliance with the oral agreement previously made, *544
and plaintiff paid the money pursuant to the request: cf.Grace Contracting Co. v. Norfolk Western Railway Co.,
Plaintiff objects also to the action of the trial judge in requesting a special finding. It is said the court instructed the jury to return "a special verdict" by answering two questions which in substance asked the jurors specifically whether the terms of the oral agreement were as claimed by the plaintiff or as claimed by the defendant. It is perfectly clear that what the court desired was a special finding, and that use of the term "special verdict" was a mere inadvertence and entirely harmless. The jury returned a general verdict for defendant in addition to answering the questions submitted.
The action of the court was sensible and proper, and the return of the jury shows an intelligent understanding of the request of the court and the facts of the case. Nothing better could have been done at the trial to achieve a definite and accurate result, and we approved and recommended the practice in Goodall v. Hess,
Judgment affirmed. *545