21 Ind. 238 | Ind. | 1863
This was an action by Wolflin against Schrader, upon a replevin-bond. Judgment for the plaintiff.
The facts are briefly these:
Schrader held a chattel mortgage from one Saner, on certain personal property, to secure the payment of a debt. Wolflin, as sheriff, held two executions against Saner, by virtue of which he levied upon the same personal property. Schrader replevied the property from Wolflin, and had the same ¿delivered to him, having executed the bond in suit. Schrader suffered a non-suit in the action of replevin. There does not appear to have been any breach of the condition of the mortgage at the time the property was levied upon.
On the trial, the defendant offered to prove that, after the dismissal of the replevin suit, “he offered to return said property to the said sheriff, and that the sheriff refused to accept it because instructed to do so by the attorney of the execution plaintiff.” This evidence was rejected.
There was no plea of tender, and it is questionable whether the matter thus offered, could be given on evidence under the general denial; it would seem to have been new matter that required pleading. But, passing by this question, it seems to us, that the evidence, as offered, fell short of making out a valid tender.
We see no reason why a tender, in this case, should not stand upon the same ground as' a tender in case of an ordinary agreement for the delivery of chattels. Says Mr. Bar-sons: “These two things go hand in hand. If the contract and its obligation are discharged by the tender, the property in the chattels passes by the tender; and, on the other hand, if the property passes by the tender, the contract is discharged. And, therefore, whenever a tender would discharge the contract, it must be so complete and perfect as to vest the property in the promisee, and give him, instead of the jus ad rem, which he loses, an absolute jus in re.” 2 Pars. Cont. p. 160.
Tested by this rule, it is apparent, that the evidence offered was wholly insufficient. It does not appear, by the evidence offered, where the property was at the time the offer of return was made; nor was evidence offered to show that the property was turned out to, or set apart for, the plaintiff; nor were any facts offered in evidence, to show — had this been the case of an ordinary agreement for the sale of chattels—
The defendant further offered to prove, that, immediately after he got possession of the property on the writ of replevin, he advertised the same for sale at public auction, and thus sold the same in good faith, and the price for which the same Was sold, and the costs attending the sale; but this evidence was also rejected. In this ruling we think no error was committed.
The price at which the defendant sold the goods was not the criterion for the measure of damages. The value of the goods would ordinarily form the proper criterion of measuring damages for their non-delivery.
In this case, the property in the hands of the sheriff was subject .to the lein of Schrader, by virtue of his mortgage. Had the levy not been made, Schrader might undoubtedly have sold the property on his mortgage; but he could not, by making such sale, prejudice the rights of the execution plaintiff. Had the property been sold on the executions, it might have brought more than at the sale as made by Schrader. It seems to us, that the defendant can not complain of the rule of damages adopted in this case, which was, as we gather it from the facts that appear, to estimate the property at its value, deducting therefrom the amount of the debt secured to Schrader by his mortgage, giving the plaintiff the over-plus, which was less than the executions on which the levy was made.
Per Curiam. — The judgment is affirmed, with costs, and 1 per cent. damages.
