27 S.D. 103 | S.D. | 1911
This action was brought by taxpayers to restrain the township officers of defendant township from paying the balance claimed to be due to defendant Bruce under a contract made by Bruce, with said township, for surveying of such township and setting corner posts within the boundaries of such township. Certain questions were submitted to a jury, and thereafter the trial court, Lion. E. G. Smith presiding, made and entered its purported findings of fact and conclusions of law in favor of the plaintiff, and, in accordance with such conclusions, rendered a decree therein, said findings, conclusions and decree being of date April 2, 1909. Judge Smith having been appointed as a member
The respondents urge that the order appealed from is not an appealable order, and have cited numerous authorities to support this contention. If the motion presented to the trial court had asked it to change the findings as actually found by the trial judge, there could be no question hut such motion would have been absolutely improper if made after judgment; and, if made prior to judgment, the order overruling it would not have been appealable, the error, if any, could only be reached through a motion for new •trikl or an appeal from the judgment. While the notice of motion is not SO' worded as to show clearly that the motion was to correct the purported findings so that they might conform with the true findings as made by the trial judge, yet we feel that the judge of the circuit court, upon a presentation of such motion, had the right to and should construe such notice of motion in connection with the affidavits attached thereto and served therewith, and that so construing the same, the circuit court should, and this court must, treat the motion as one asking that the said purported findings be corrected to conform to the truth.
There are therefore for our determination the following questions : Has the trial court, after entry of judgment, any power to correct the purported findings so as to 'make them conform to the real findings as made by the court? If such correction can be made' after judgment, can it so be made by the court acting-through the successor of the person who as court made the findings? Can any evidence other than records of the court, minutes, or memoranda be used to establish the fact that the purported findings are not the real findings of the court ? In the case at bar, does it clearly appear that the purported findings should be changed as asked, in order for the same to become the true findings as made by the trial court? These questions must be all
Inasmuch as, by the great weight of authority, a trial court has the power even .to correct its judgment when erroneous, and to make such correction years after the entry thereof (Naber’s, etc., v. Meredith, 67 Ala. 333; Miller v. Royce, 60 Ind. 189; Smith v. Mullins, 3 Metc. [Ky.] 182; Breene v. Booth, 6 Colo. App. 140, 40 Pac. 193; Walton v. Pearson, 85 N. C. 34; 30 Cent. Dig. § 619, Judgment), there Can be question of the inherent power resting in-a court to correct that upon which the judgment rests, especially when to do so tends to- support the judgment as rendered. Territory v. Christensen, 4 Dak. 410, 31 N. W. 847.
Ordinarily a correction should be made by the judge who tried the case, but i-t must be borne in mind that, while judges may change, the court remains the same, and while, to justify the court, acting through the successor of the trial judge, in correcting an error, very clear proof of the error must be made, yet certainly in a clear case such power exists. Crim v. Kessing, 89 Cal. 478, 26 Pac. 1074, 23 Am. St. Rep. 494; Oakley v. Cokalete, 6 App. Div. 229, 39 N. Y. Supp. 1001. In the California case the correction was made by the court acting through the successor in office of the trial judge. In the New York case the trial judge was still on the bench, and it was held that another judge could not act in the matter, but the court said: “It would be different if the trial judge were no longer capable of acting in the case, for then the application would necessarily have to be made before some one else.” We are satisfied that the count to whom the motion was addressed had full power to correct the finding if the showing of error was sufficient..
It would be impossible to harmonize the authorities upon the question of whether or not the records of a court can be corrected upon other evidence than some record, minute or memorandum of the court, and no useful purpose would be subserved in reviewing at length the conflicting authorities. We -believe those -authorities best supported by reason which hold that -any satisfactory evidence oral or written may be considered. A list of authorities on each
Was the proof before the circuit court such that it should have corrected the findings as requested? Eliminating the part sought to be stricken leaves the findings, conclusions and judgment entirely consistent. The trial court specifically found facts which, if true, showed, as stated in the conclusions, that the defendant Bruce had not fulfilled his contract, and therefore was not entitled to the balance which would otherwise be due thereon; and in accordance with such findings and conclusions the court perpetually enjoined the collection or payment of the balance unpaid. The part sought to be stricken, though found as a part of one finding, is in the nature of two conclusions of law, being as follows : “That the defendant, William L. Bruce, has in all things complied with his contract; and there is now due him on said contract the final payment of $300.” That .there was an error appears upon the very face of the findings, conclusions, and judgment, and when one takes the specific findings in connection with the formal conclusions and judgment, it certainly is nearly or quite sufficient to justify the correction sought without considering the affidavits offered. From these affidavits it appears that the case was tried some time prior to date findings were made; that on April 2, 1909, Judge Smith was about to qualify as a member of this bench and, both parties having prepared proposed findings, he indicated to the plaintiffs what his decision on the facts was and by such decision he allowed some of the facts as proposed by each side; that, through some error, the finding containing the above inconsistent conclusions was inserted in drafting the findings for signature; that such findings were signed without knowledge that such purported finding was a part thereof; and that in fact the court never made such purported finding.
The above appears beyond all question by the proof offered, and the court should have corrected the findings as requested.
The order of the trial court is reversed, with directions to correct such findings as requested by plaintiffs.