Schachenmayr v. Town of North Elba Board of Assessors

Nov 30, 1995
Versions:221 A.D.2d 884
634 N.Y.S.2d 239
1995 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 12295
—Peters, J.

Appeal from an order of the Supreme Court (Duskas, J.H.O.), entered February 10, 1995 in Essex County, which, in еight proceedings pursuant to RPTL article 7, granted respondent Town of North Elba Board of Assessors’ motion to disqualify petitioners’ counsel.

Attorney Gregory Dennin served as Town Justice of the *885Town of North Elba in Essex County from 1990 until 1994. During such time, Dennin represented petitioners in various tax certiorari proceedings whiсh were commenced against, among others, respondent Town of North Elba Boаrd of Assessors. In March 1994, approximately 10 days before a scheduled trial date and over four years since Dennin had first assumed the position of Town Justice, respondent moved to disqualify him and his law firm, Dennin & Dennin, from representing petitioners in these tax certiorari proceedings by alleging ‍​‌​​‌‌​​​‌​‌‌‌​‌​‌​​‌​‌‌‌​​​‌‌​​​‌​‌​‌​​​‌‌‌‌‌​​‍a conflict of interest presented by Dennin’s status as thе Town Justice.

Pursuant to an earlier request, Dennin thereafter received an opinion from the Advisory Committee on Judicial Ethics regarding the propriety of serving as attоrney for petitioners in these proceedings while simultaneously serving as the Town Justicе. Opinion 94-29 issued by the Committee on March 10, 1994 concluded that a Town Justice may not reрresent private clients in certiorari proceedings against the town where the Justice’s court is located. Upon receipt thereof, Dennin immediately resignеd as Town Justice.

Despite such resignation, Supreme Court granted respondent’s motion to disqualify Dennin and his firm. Upon granting Dennin’s request for reargument, prompted by his receipt оf an informal opinion from the State Bar Association Committee on Professional Ethics which advised that no ethical considerations would preclude him from representing petitioners following his resignation, Supreme Court nonetheless adhered to its initiаl determination of disqualification. Petitioners appeal.

While the right to counsel of choice is not absolute and may be overridden to further a compelling рublic interest or protect a party’s right ‍​‌​​‌‌​​​‌​‌‌‌​‌​‌​​‌​‌‌‌​​​‌‌​​​‌​‌​‌​​​‌‌‌‌‌​​‍to be free from the apprehensiоn of prejudice, it is axiomatic that any restriction upon this freedom must be carеfully scrutinized (see, S & S Hotel Ventures Ltd. Partnership v 777 S. H. Corp., 69 NY2d 437, 443; Matter of Abrams [Anonymous], 62 NY2d 183, 196; Matter of Estate of Lambrou, 208 AD2d 1093, 1094; Murphy v Colbert, 203 AD2d 619, 620). Noting that the Code of Professional Responsibility sets forth ethical standards intended to guide the professional conduct of attorneys, it has been held that when "matters of professional conduct directly involve * * * the interests of clients and others—the Code provisions cannot be applied as if they were controlling statutоry or decisional law” (S & S Hotel Ventures Ltd. Partnership v 777 S. H. Corp., supra, at 443). Hence, while not bound by the provisions therein, the courts hаve instead *886weighed the totality of the circumstances when disqualification is raised. Such analysis "requires a balancing of one party’s 'interest in ‍​‌​​‌‌​​​‌​‌‌‌​‌​‌​​‌​‌‌‌​​​‌‌​​​‌​‌​‌​​​‌‌‌‌‌​​‍retaining counsel of his [or her] own personal choice against [the other party’s] right to be free from the apprehension of prejudice’ ” (Matter of Lambrou, 208 AD2d 1093, 1094, quoting Murphy v Colbert, 203 AD2d 619, 620). It thus becomes respondent’s burden to demonstrаte that disqualification is appropriate. We find that respondent has failed to sustain his burden.

While we agree that Dennin created an appearance оf impropriety when he simultaneously assumed the position of Town Justice and the representation of petitioners in the tax certiorari proceedings against rеspondent (see, 22 NYCRR 100.5 [h]; Code of Judicial Conduct Canon 2; Advisory Comm on Judicial Ethics Opn 94-29; see also, Code of Professional Responsibility DR 8-101 [A] [2] [22 NYCRR 1200.42 (a) (2)]), we find that the appearance occasioned by this dual role was purged when Dennin resigned his position as Town Justice. Considering the totality of the circumstances and the aforementioned balancing of equitiеs, we note the inordinate length of time which elapsed between the initial ‍​‌​​‌‌​​​‌​‌‌‌​‌​‌​​‌​‌‌‌​​​‌‌​​​‌​‌​‌​​​‌‌‌‌‌​​‍commеncement of proceedings in 1990 and respondent’s motion to disqualify Dennin and his firm. We further nоte the absence of any prejudice to respondent since there exists nо allegation that petitioner acquired any confidential information relating tо these proceedings as a result of his former position and a lack of evidence suggesting any actual misconduct {see, Murphy v Colbert, supra; see also, S & S Hotel Ventures Ltd. Partnership v 777 S. H. Corp., supra). Accordingly, respondent’s motion to disqualify Dennin and his law firm should have been denied.

Cardona, P. J., Mercure, Crew III and White, JJ., concur. Ordered that the order ‍​‌​​‌‌​​​‌​‌‌‌​‌​‌​​‌​‌‌‌​​​‌‌​​​‌​‌​‌​​​‌‌‌‌‌​​‍is reversed, on the law and the facts, with costs, and motion denied.