This is аn appeal as of right from a judgment of divorce granted to the plaintiff husband. Suit began on April 10, 1974, when the plaintiff filed a сomplaint for annulment, pursuant to MCLA 552.2; MSA 25.82, wherein he alleged that his consent to the marriage to the defendant had been procurred by fraud and that there had never been a physical consummation of the marriage.
In her answer the defendant admitted that she and plaintiff had been married on August 16, 1972, denied the material allegations of plaintiff’s complaint and alleged that the plaintiff’s niece Diane Hammer had been responsible for the parties’ *102 separation which occurred on or about April 5, 1974. She further claimed that Diane Hammer was in control of $30,000 in the form of various bank accounts previously held solely by the plaintiff and that Mrs. Hammer had attempted to "subvert the marriage relationship and to usurp to herself for her own purposes the monies and assets of the parties”. The answer contained a petition that Mrs. Hammer be made a party to the action and that she be required to account for her "handling of thе monies and assets of the parties since August 16, 1972”. This petition was denied.
A bench trial commenced on July 24, 1974. On the second dаy of trial, after the plaintiff had rested and during the cross-examination of Mrs. Sabourin, counsel for plaintiff moved the cоurt to amend the complaint to include a count for divorce. The motion was granted and plaintiff was permitted to offer proofs on the statutory grounds for divorce, MCLA 552.6; MSA 25.86, and the assets of the marriage. Mr. Sabourin was then cross-examinеd as to bank accounts maintained in the parties’ and Mrs. Hammer’s names.
Immediately thereafter the trial court grantеd judgment of divorce and ordered that the defendant be awarded an automobile, some corporate stock and $300 in attorney fees. A subsequent defense motion for a new trial was denied.
The defendant now argues that she was unfаirly prevented from effectively defending her interests in the divorce action basically for two reasons: (1) the amеndment in effect sought a complete change in the cause of action from annulment to divorce introducing, late in the proceedings, the issue of a property settlement; and (2) the denial of defendant’s pretrial motion to add Diane Hammer as a party litigant now prevented defendant from as *103 serting and litigating the defendant’s interest in the bank accounts held by Mrs. Hammer.
The propriety of the court’s granting of plaintiffs motion is governed by GCR 1963, 118.1, 1 which provides that "leave [to amend] shall be freely given when justice so requires”. The trial court’s discretion in these matters is limited by the rule that such a mоtion should not be allowed where the amendment and evidence relating thereto would "prejudice the objeсting party in maintaining his action or defense upon the merits”. GCR 1963, 118.3.
In
Ben P Fyke & Sons v Gunter Co,
" 'Prejudice’ refers to matter which would prevent a party from having a fair trial or matter which he could not properly contest, e.g. when surprised. It does not refer to the effect on the result of the trial otherwise.” 1 Honigman & Hawkins, Michigan Court Rules Annotated, (2d ed), p 409.
We agree with defendant that plaintiffs amendment changed significantly the character of the case she was called upon to defend. When leave to *104 amend was granted, the statutory grounds for annulment, MCLA 552.2; MSA 25.82, became immaterial and the question of property settlement became an issue of paramount importance for both parties. Nevertheless defendant has failed to persuade us that she suffered prejudice as a result of the amendment.
The factors to be considered in arriving at an equitable division of property in a divorce action include the "source of the prоperty, * * * length of the marriage, needs of the parties, their earning ability, [and] the cause of the divorce”.
Westrate v Westrate,
Finally we find no error in the trial court’s denial оf defendant’s motion to add Diane Hammer as a party in order to determine what interest, if any, the defendant may havе had in certain bank accounts held by Mrs. Hammer. There was no allegation in this case that pláintiff was conspiring with Mrs. Hammer tо conceal assets in which defendant may have had some interest. The
*105
trial judge, therefore, was not obligated tо permit parties other than husband and wife to be joined in this action,
cf. Yedinak v Yedinak,
The trial court is affirmed. Costs to plaintiff.
Notes
"A party may amend his pleading once as a matter of course at any time before or within 15 days after a. responsive pleading is served or, if the pleading is one to which no responsive рleading is required and the action has not been placed upon the trial calendar, he may amend it at any timе before or within 15 days after it is served. Otherwise, a party may amend his pleading only by leave of court or by written consent of the adverse party. Leave shall be freely given when justice so requires. All amendments shall be filed in writing, dated, and numbered consecutively. Unless otherwise indicated therein, an amended pleading shall supersede the former pleading.” GCR 1963, 118.1. (Emphasis supplied.)