204 N.W. 173 | S.D. | 1925
Action for unlawful detainer of realty and for rent against the defendants as mortgagors in possession after foreclosure of plaintiff’s mortgage, sale, expiration of period of redemption and issuance of sheriff’s deed to plaintiff. Judgment for plaintiff for possession of the premises and certain rentals, and defendants appeal.
It appears from the record that a notice to quit, as provided by section 2172, Rev. Code 1919, was duly served on the defendants, but such notice was not filed with the clerk of the municipal court where the action was instituted before the summons was issued or served.
Appellants’ sole contention on this appeal is that the return and filing' of such notice to quit with the justice or clerk of the municipal court, as the case may be, is a jurisdictional prerequisite to the issuance and service of summons under section 2172, Rev. Code 1919.
We are of the opinion that by virtue of section 2172, Rev. Code 1919, the service of the notice to quit is jurisdictional, but not the return and filing thereof-, and that the last clause of the section, “and may be served and returned in like manner as a summons is served and returned,” is permissive, and not mandatory.
It is the general rule, and one which has been recognized by this court, that the word “may” when used in a statute is permissive only. Henry v. Meade County Bank, 34 S. D. 369, 148 N. W. 626.
We realize that our present holding on this point is contrary to an apparent holding of this court in the case of Northwestern Loan & Banking Co. v. Jon asen, on rehearing. 12 S. D. 618,
“The sole question in that case was whether the notice to quit must necessarily be offered in evidence, and it was held that, on filing of the same with the justice, it became a part of the record. What is there said concerning the necessity of filing the notice before the justice could acquire jurisdiction does not pertain to the point involved and decided.” McLain v. Nurnberg, 16 N. D. 144, 112 N. W. 243.
An examination of the history of the statute in question confirms us in our present opinion. As pointed out by Judge Tripp in Murry v. Burris, 6 Dak. 170, 42 N. W. 25, this particular section was taken from Iowa.
A forcible entry and detainer law was enacted by the first Legislative Assembly of the territory of Iowa in 1838 (Laws 1838-39, p. 217) and by 1851 this particular provision had developed the following form:
“Notice to Quit. Before suit can be brought in any except the first of the above classes, three days’ notice to quit must be given to the defendant in writing.” Section 2365, Code Iowa 1851 (Reprint 1912, p. 238).
Its first appearance in Dakota law is as section 5, ph. 10, Laws of 1868-69, reading as follows:
“Before suit can be brought in any except the first of the classes designated in section 3 hereof, 3 days’ notice to quit must be given to the defendant in writing.”
The change to the present form was made by the territorial code commission and the section appears as section 35, Justices’
So much of the decision in Northwestern Loan & Banking Co. v. Jonasen, 12 S. D. 618, 82 N. W. 94, as purports to hold that the notice to quit must be filed with the justice (or clerk) before issuance and service of summons, is therefore expressly overruled, and the judgment of-the trial court in the iiistant case is affirmed.