81 A. 174 | Md. | 1911
In March, 1906, the appellees, together with the late James H. Phillips, constituted the Board of School Commissioners of Baltimore City. This action was brought against them in the Superior Court of Baltimore City, and it is stated in the appellant's brief to be a suit "for damages for unlawfully and corruptly defrauding her of her position of teacher of German in any primary or grammar school in the City of Baltimore, to which she was legally elected by the Board of School Commissioners of Baltimore City, and which she has filled in an intelligent and capable manner for twelve years. Appellees defrauded appellant of her position of teacher without a trial, as prescribed in the Baltimore City Charter, and thereby defrauded her of means of her existence, and also defrauded her of receiving an annuity from the Teachers' Mutual Benefit Association, of which she was a member and in which she had contributed for eleven years; she sues them also for making a large number of false representations in her petition for mandamus in which Mr. Joseph Packard made affidavit in due form of law that they were true before a justice of the peace; also for perjuries committed at the trial of the petition for mandamus, and for influencing the verdict of the jury against her by false representations during the trial of appellant's petition for mandamus for reinstatement". *44
The declaration both in form and substance is a most unusual one. It contains fifty-six paragraphs, and in them is set out the facts upon which the plaintiff intended to rely at the trial to support her case. The recital of facts covers eleven pages of the printed record. The Court sustained a demurrer to the declaration, without leave to amend, and entered a judgment on the demurrer in favor of the defendant for costs, and from this judgment the plaintiff has appealed.
It will not be necessary to set out with much particularity the averments of the declaration, as very few of them have any bearing upon the legal questions presented by the record. The first ten paragraphs deal with the plaintiff's qualifications, experience and successful work as teacher. The eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth and fourteenth paragraphs are devoted to a difficulty, or disagreement which she had with Doctor Miller, the group principal of School No. 95, in which she was teacher, and she charges that Doctor Miller acted "spitefully and antagonistically and untruthfully" towards her, and falsified the record of the plaintiff in a most dishonorable manner. In the fifteenth paragraph it is averred that the defendants violated the City Charter by sending Mr. James H. VanSickle to her class-room to find out if she was able to impart knowledge in German to the pupils of her class, as Mr. VanSickle was not qualified by reason of his ignorance of the German language to supervise her work.
It appears by the sixteenth and seventeenth paragraphs that the plaintiff on the 13th of February, 1906, wrote to the School Board complaining of the conduct of Doctor Miller, but that her letter was not answered, and it is charged that thereafter "Mr. VanSickle preferred false charges against the plaintiff, which she can disprove by witnesses."
The eighteenth, nineteenth, twentieth, twenty-first and twenty-second paragraphs aver the alleged motive of Mr. VanSickle in preferring false charges against her; her freedom from apprehension as to the result of the trial; her employment of Mr. George R. Willis to accompany her on *45 March 28th, 1906, to the School Board meeting, that being the day fixed by the board for the trial of the charges; the demand of Mr. Willis for a bill of particulars, which was refused in a letter from Mr. Joseph Packard to Mr. Willis in which it was stated that "if after hearing the testimony she desires further time to prepare her defence, the Board of School Commissioners will give her reasonable time after adjournment on March 28, 1906, to enable her to do so."
It appears by the allegations of the twenty-third, twenty-fourth and twenty-fifth paragraphs that Mr. Willis did not attend the trial on March 28th, 1906, and the reason he did not attend was that the plaintiff "would rather let Mr. Willis accompany her on the date the Board of School Commissioners would set for her defence, than on March 28th, 1906," that Mr. Willis gave her certain letters that had passed between the board and himself; that copies of these letters were made and the originals returned to Mr. Willis "as he needed them for the record"; that Mr. Willis told her to take her two brothers to the meeting "to take notes and bring those notes to him, and let him know right the next morning after March 28th, what date the Board of School Commissioners had set for her defence in order that he could keep that date free from other engagements"; that she attended the meeting on March 28th, 1906, and that "after the conclusion of the false testimony of Mr. VanSickle and his witnesses, when Mr. Packard asked the plaintiff, "What have you got to say, Miss Roschen?" The plaintiff in a distinct voice and loud enough to be heard by anybody who is not afflicted with deafness, said, "I ask for further time to prepare my defence." That Mr. Packard heard what she said, and that he took advantage of the fact that the plaintiff had left Mr. George R. Willis home, broke the contract upon which she had appeared and said: "Oh, no, you cannot have that now."
The twenty-seventh, twenty-eighth and thirty-fourth paragraphs are as follows: *46
"27. That not one of the defendants had so much honor in him as to keep this contract and hear witnesses on the plaintiff's side testify."
"28. That the Board of School Commissioners acted improperly in luring the plaintiff under this contract and under the promise of giving her time to prepare her defence, to the Administration Building, and caused her to make an arrangement with her lawyer to accompany her on the date which would be set for her defence, instead of going with her on March 28th, 1906, and then going into a secret session and refusing to set a date for her defence."
"34. That the defendants cruelly removed the plaintiff, who was not guilty of any of the charges, without a trial, contrary to the provisions of the Baltimore City Charter, from her position as a teacher in the public schools of Baltimore City, which constitutes her vocation in life and upon which she is dependent for her livelihood."
In the remaining paragraphs it is averred that the plaintiff instituted a suit for mandamus against the appellees in the Court of Common Pleas, presumably to compel them to reinstate her as a teacher, although this is not definitely alleged. The appellees answered this petition, and the case was tried before JUDGE DOBLER and a jury, and resulted in a verdict and judgment for the appellees.
In the answer and testimony of witnesses at that trial the allegations of the plaintiff as to what took place at the hearing on March 28th, 1906, were denied, and an explanation was given as to why the plaintiff was not given further time to prepare her defence, as Mr. Packard in his letter dated March 23rd, 1906, to Mr. Willis, as stated, would be done. This is shown by the forty-third, forty-fourth, forty-fifth and forty-sixth paragraphs of the declaration, which are as follows:
"43. That in their joint and several answer the defendants made further false representations, to wit: That some five or six witnesses, whom the petitioner had requested the School Board to summon, were summoned, and also attended as *47 well as the witnesses in support of the charges against the petitioner. That all the witnesses, both those in support of the charges and those summoned in request of the petitioner, were examined and testified.
"44. That in their joint and several answer the defendants made further false representations by stating that each and all of the charges were fully and entirely proved by the testimony of all of the witnesses.
"45. That in their joint and several answer the defendants made further false representation, to wit: That at the conclusion of the hearing the petitioner did not, as she alleges, ask for any adjournment for the purpose of enabling her to present her defence, but on the contrary she departed only after she had been fully informed, that said hearing was a final one, after having, with this knowledge, exercised her right to cross-examine and question the witnesses as to their statements, after having heard the testimony of witnesses called by her.
"46. That in their joint and several answer the defendants made further false representations, to wit: `Answering the thirteenth (13) paragraph of the petition, these defendants say that the testimony at the said hearing was adduced upon definite charges preferred as already set forth herein.'"
The declaration further alleges that at the trial of the mandamus case some of the defendants, and a number of other witnesses committed perjury, some "in a vulgar manner" and others "in a vulgar, frivolous manner," and that the defendants, "by their false representations in their prayers to the Court" influenced JUDGE DOBLER, before whom the case was heard "in such a detestable way as to grant three out of the four prayers which were granted by him on the school board side under false representations." The fifty-fourth, fifty-fifth and fifty-sixth paragraphs are as follows:
"54. That thereby the defendants have robbed the plaintiff a second time in unlawful manner of the position of teacher in the public schools of Baltimore City, which she has filled in such a faithful, intelligent manner, which constitutes *48 her beloved vocation in life and upon which she is dependent for a livelihood.
"55. That the unlawful actions of the defendants have interferred with the plaintiff obtaining employment in her profession or otherwise.
"56. That the unlawful actions of the defendants have also robbed the plaintiff of being provided with a teacher's pension in old age, as their unlawful actions have caused that the plaintiff's name was taken off the list of members of the Teachers' Mutual Benefit Association, also known as the Teachers' Pension Fund, which was organized in 1895, of which the plaintiff is one of the founders, and to which she has contributed for eleven years by monthly payments."
These facts do not constitute a good cause of action. As the suit is brought for the purpose of subjecting the appellees to damages for acts done in their official capacity as members of the Board of School Commissioners of Baltimore City, it is essential to have alleged that the acts which constituted the cause of action were done wilfully, fraudulently and corruptly. Section 99 of the Baltimore City Charter (Act 1908, Ch. 123) provides, that "Any teacher may be removed by said board on the recommendation of the Superintendent of Public Instruction after charges preferred and trial had." Charges were preferred against the plaintiff, and the trial of these charges was had by the board, after notice to the plaintiff, and she was removed as teacher. In the trial of these charges the board was acting within its jurisdiction, and was exercising quasi judicialpowers, and the members of the board can not be held individually liable, in the absence of malice, fraud, or corruption on their part, and there are no sufficient allegations in the declaration that they were so actuated.
In Bevard v. Hoffman,
To the same effect are the cases of Friend v. Hamill,
The members of the Board of School Commissioners of Baltimore City are public officials, charged with the exercise of important executive and administrative functions. The discharge of many of these duties involves the exercise of sound discretion and judgment, and some of them, like the trial and removal of teachers, are in their nature judicial, and for acts done in the performance of such duties they are not personally liable in damages, unless the facts bring them within the rule above stated.
The appellees were in no way responsible for the charges preferred by Mr. Van Sickle, nor for the feeling and conduct of Doctor Miller towards the plaintiff, and the mere fact that the board declined, under the circumstances stated in the declaration, to grant a postponement of the hearing does not render the appellees liable to an action for damages. The Court would assume, in the absence of all explanations, that the board was actuated by honest motives in declining to postpone the trial.
The allegations that the appellees made false statements in their answer to the petition for mandamus, and that certain of them committed perjury at the trial of that case do not state a cause of action. The controverted questions of fact which were in issue in the mandamus case, and which were disposed of there can not be again retried. Upon all the questions involved in that case, the judgment therein rendered is conclusive upon the plaintiff, and the findings of *50 the jury in that case can not be reviewed or inquired into in this suit. There does not appear to be any conflict of authorities on this point.
In Taylor v. Bidwell,
In United States v. Throckmorton,
This is especially applicable to that part of the declaration wherein the plaintiff seeks to re-try the issue of fact which was involved in the mandamus case.
Judgment affirmed, with costs.