Rohan v. Sherman & Reed
202 P. 749
Mont.
1921
Check Treatment
MR. JUSTICE1 GALEN

delivered the opinion of the court.

In this case it appears that the defendant Sherman & Reed, a Montana corporation, is engaged in the taxicab business in the city of Butte, and that the defеndant Earle Hutchinson was in the employ of the defendant corporation as a chauffeur or driver of one of its taxicabs. On December 24, 1916, the *521plaintiff was the owner of a certain automobile, and was carefully and lawfully driving it, in the conduct of his business as a taxicab driver for the carriage of passengers for hire, on Harrison Avenue, in the city of Butte, and while then and there attempting to pass a motor vehicle belonging to the defendant corporation, operated by the defendant Hutchinson within the scope of his employment, the defendant corporation’s taxicab was carelessly, reсklessly and negligently backed, without warning, at a fast rate of speed, and collided with plaintiff’s car, cаusing damage thereto. Plaintiff by his complaint sought to recover $400 as damages to his automobile, and а like amount by reason of loss of earnings. On motion, damages alleged in consequence of loss оf profits was stricken from plaintiff’s complaint. Issue being joined, trial was had before the court sitting with a jury, and upon verdict of the jury judgment was entered against the defendants for the sum of $400. The appeal is from the judgment and order denying the defendant’s motion for a new trial.

The only error assigned is the giving to the jury of plain-[1] tiff’s offered instruction numbered 5, as follows: “You are instructed that the defendants admit in their answer that Earie Hutchinson was in the employ of the defendant comрany, as set forth in the ‍​‌​​​​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌​‌‌​​‌​​​‌​​​​​‌‌‌​​‌​‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌‌‌‍plaintiff’s complaint, and you are further instructed that the defendants admit that the defendant company is the owner of many motor vehicles, and therewith engaged in carrying passengers fоr hire.

“You are further instructed that Sherman & Reed, a corporation, is liable for any negligent acts or omissions of the said Earle Hutchinsоn, causing damage to person or property done by the said Earle Hutchinson in his employment as a driver, while driving a motor vehicle, whether done willfully or negligently or otherwise in.the same manner as said driver' would be liable.”

It is argued that this instruction is erroneous, as it directs the jury to find for the plaintiff as'respects the nеgligence of the defendant corporation, assuming its employee guilty of *522negligence. This contention is without merit. It does not, as contended, assume negligence on the part of the servant. The language used is that the defendant corporation “is liable for any negligent acts or omissions” of its servants, causing dam3 age- to plaintiff. If there were no negligent acts or omissions ‍​‌​​​​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌​‌‌​​‌​​​‌​​​​​‌‌‌​​‌​‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌‌‌‍causing damages to plaintiff рroved, then of course, the defendant corporation would not be held responsible the same as the driver or otherwise. This instruction is unobjectionable, and more particularly so since the instructions, given as a whole, left no possible ambiguity in its application.

If any ambiguity may be said to exist in consequence of the language used in this instruction, the corree c principle of law applicable to the defendant corporation’s responsibility was made clear by other instructions given.

In instruction ID, the jury was told: “Negligence is the failure to do what a man of ordinary care and prudence would do in thе same circumstances, or the doing of something that a man of ordinary care and prudence wоuld not do under the same circumstances. If there was no negligence on the part of Sherman & Reed’s driver, Earle Hutchinson, then you must ‍​‌​​​​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌​‌‌​​‌​​​‌​​​​​‌‌‌​​‌​‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌‌‌‍find your verdict in favor of Shermаn & Reed.”

And by instruction 2D, it was admonished: “The court instructs you that the burden of proof in this ease is on the plaintiff, Frank Rohan; that is to say, he must prove his case by a preponderance of the evidence, and he must in particular prove by a preponderance, of the testimony that in some respect set fоrth in the complaint the driver, Earle Hutchinson, was negligent. If the evidence is evenly balanced on this phase of the ‍​‌​​​​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌​‌‌​​‌​​​‌​​​​​‌‌‌​​‌​‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌‌‌‍case you must find your verdict in favor of Sherman & Reed, and, of course, if the evidence рreponderates in favor of Sherman & Reed on this phase of the ease, you must find your verdict in their fаvor.”

These instructions were given at defendant’s request, without objection, and fully covered the ‍​‌​​​​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌​‌‌​​‌​​​‌​​​​​‌‌‌​​‌​‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌‌‌‍subject оf defendant’s negligence, and the acts of the servant rendering the master liable.

*523Where the charge to the jury, as a whole, leaves no doubt [2] as to the corrеct principles of law applicable to the case, ambiguity of a particular instruction given is not ground for reversal. (Upton v. Larkin, 7 Mont. 449, 17 Pac. 448; Cushing v. Quigley, 11 Mont. 577, 29 Pac. 337; Fitschen v. Thomas, 9 Mont. 52, 22 Pac. 450; Cannon v. Lewis, 18 Mont. 402, 45 Pac. 572; Mulligan v. Montana U. Ry. Co., 19 Mont. 135, 47 Pac. 795; Surmam v. Cruse, 57 Mont. 253, 187 Pac. 890; Harrington v. Butte, A. & P. Ry. Co., 36 Mont. 478, 93 Pac. 640.)

The instruction complained of was drawn upon the theory that defendant’s admissiоn that Hutchinson’s acts were within the scope of his employment made it proper. (Hogan v. Shuart, 11 Mont. 498, 28 Pac. 969.) The language of the [3] statute is its basis, as follows: “The owner of every vehicle running or traveling upon any highway or road for the conveyance of passengers, is liable for all damage to person or property done by any person in his еmployment as a driver while driving such vehicle, whether done willfully or negligently, or otherwise, in the same manner аs such driver would be liable. ’ ’ (Section 5, Subchap. 8, Chap. 141, Laws 1915.) This statute fixes the liability of the owners of vehiclеs operated for the conveyance of passengers and was not considered by this court in application of the general doctrine of respondeat superior in the case of Hoffman v. Roehl, ante, p. 290, 203 Pac. 349.

The judgment and order are affirmed.

Affirmed.

Mr. Chief Justice Brantly and Associate Justices Reynolds, Cooper and Holloway concur.