25 Mich. 23 | Mich. | 1872
When this case was before us at the last October term (21¡. Mich., 182), upon a writ of cei'tiorari, issued to the commissioners of highways, and to John Spinks, with a return signed only by John Spinks, township clerk, without appearing to have been made by the authority or direction of the commissioners, we held that this was not an official return of the commissioners; and as the main questions sought to be litigated grew out of the evidence submitted to the jury on the trial of the encroachment, and what purported to be testimony taken down by Spinks, the township clerk, was sent up by him, which we held to have been taken unofficially, and that neither he nor the commissioners had any authority to take or return it, we could not consider the evidence, and held that the writ should have been issued to the justice who presided over the pro
A new writ has been issued to the justice, the commissioners and the township clerk; and the commissioners, by their clerk, have made a return properly signed on their • behalf, and, as he certifies, by their authority. This is sufficient as to all matters contained in the return which the commissioners or the clerk had any authority officially to return. This, like the former return, contains- what-purports to be the evidence taken down by the township clerk on the hearing before the jury; but as already remarked in the former, case, he had no more authority to take the evidence than any other by-stander who might have been present; and neither he nor the commissioners had any official authority to take down, file or return the evidence. This could only be done officially by the justice who presided over the proceedings. He could officially return the evidence; and, if not taken down or preserved by him in writing, he could still return officially the substance of the evidence according to his best recollection of it.
The justice has now made a return of all the proceedings before him except the evidence; but has carefully abstained from returning that, or in any manner authenticating that taken down and sent up by the clerk. All he says upon this point is, that “the defendant’s attorney requested John Spinks, the township clerk, to take his seat in court and take the proceedings in writing,” and again he says, “from the time of calling the suit, I did not take any proceedings in writing, for the defendant’s attorney had requested Mr. John Spinks, township clerk, to do the same. The court only ruled the proceedings till the jury returned,” etc.
Now, as a condition precedent to power of the commissioners to lay out this road, there must have been a petition or application signed by “ten freeholders, or more-persons in the township liable to be assessed for highway labor,” for the laying out of such road. — Comp. L., § 10^5.. Until this application was presented they had no power to lay it out; and this, as the very foundation of their power,, ought to appear of record. Without parol evidence, therefore, to explain the original existence and subsequent loss-of such application, no authority for laying out such road is shown.
Now, the statute under which these proceedings have- ’ been instituted against the plaintiff in the present writ, for an encroachment (Comp. L., chap. 28, § 2, as amended by act of 1861, Bess. L., 1861, p. 158), gives the power to institute such proceedings only in cases “when a highway shall have been laid out and opened.” • This we think cannot be made applicable to a highway existing only by dedication or user, but only to highways actually laid out and opened under the statute, and we so held in Parker v. Th& People, 22 Mich., 98.
The presentation of the necessary application to the commissioners and its subsequent loss might perhaps have-been shown by evidence outside of the record, and such evidence is claimed to have been given; but, as no such evidence is officially returned, we cannot regard it; and. must, therefore, hold, in the present condition of the return,, that no road is shown to exist for any encroachment upon which, the proceedings instituted can be maintained. But if the evidence sent up hy the clerk were properly before-
It is further to be observed that, upon the supposed evidence, the main questions involved seem to have been, .first, whether there was any road “there or thereabouts,” properly laid out and opened; and, second, where the line between private claims 191 and 318 really was; both of which questions involve the question of title to real estate, a question obviously never intended' (and if intended, not •competent) to be tried in this summary proceeding, which we think was only intended to try the question where the road is and whether the encroachment is within it, rather than the questions, whether the road claimed exists at ail, or what are the true lines between adjoining tracts of land. And whenever the contest shall appear before the jury to be, really and in good faith, a question of the existence of the highway claimed, or a question involving the ' title to real estate, rather than a question of encroachment upon a highway admitted to exist, or the existence of which is not ■in good faith seriously contested, or so clearly shown as to •admit of no real and tona fide contest, the whole proceeding should be dismissed by the jury, as beyond their jurisdiction in such a proceeding.
In any view, therefore, the proceedings of the commissioners and the finding of the jury in reference to the 'alleged encroachment in this case must be reversed and set ■aside as without authority of law; and the plaintiff in •certiorari must recover his costs.