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RITA T. v. State
623 P.2d 344
Alaska
1981
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*1 рrovision no for makes statute, ices. The statute defined in the but an pense” is not to reimburse the state requiring anyone else of the rest of AS 18.85clarifies examination appointed for system pays when the court meaning. its counsel. Alaska 85 of Title 18 of Chapter must be reversed. judgment The below public with the defender Statutes deals agency by is created AS 18.- agency. The REVERSED. indigent the needs of de 85.010 “to serve determines that the “If a court fendants.” J., BOOCHEVER, participating. not represented by an to bе is entitled expense, prompt public at attorney [public agency or

ly notify the defender] attorney him under for

assign private 18.85.110(d). chapter.” of this AS

§ 18.85.130(a) if the court specifies compen reasonable appointment, makes the T., Appellant, RITA paid by “shall be expenses sation and Paragraph (b) provides that court system.” v. private counsel agency contracts Alaska, Appellee. STATE of defendant, public “the defender shall No. 5036. of appropriations for these services out pay plain meaning agency.” The Alaska. Suрreme Court of expense” as used in AS public words “at 13, Feb. 1981. public either the defender 18.85 if it pay attorney’s will fees agency defendant, counsel for a or the private

hires will if it system pay appoints

court case,

private In any counsel. it the state clearly statutory no pays. There is assessing non-par

authorization for other indigent of an defendant

ties for the fees appoints whom the court ‍‌​‌​‌​​‌‌​​‌‌‌​‌‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​‌​‌‌‌‌​​‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌‌​​​‌​‍counsel. or non-profit corporation is a

ALSO

ganized It most 10.20. receives Legal Corpora from funding its

tion, corporation, although non-profit also a act. does

created a federal ALSO duty law general legal provide

have a

yers in the same sense as indigents agen public

court defender system

cy do. its clearly exceeded trial ‍‌​‌​‌​​‌‌​​‌‌‌​‌‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​‌​‌‌‌‌​​‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌‌​​​‌​‍Legal when it ordered Alaska

authority pay

Services to the fees of defendant’s

court-appointed counsel. While the court appoint in this

may be authorized counsel decide,

case, which we do not an issue

appointing private represent counsel defendant, judge obligated the

indigent attorney’s for the serv- system рay question. question place. not the is whether this to make in An invalid the first order is judge authority was an order that the had the regardless unenforceable Rule Civil

345 Branch, Legal N. Alaska Daniel appellant. Bethel, for Corp., Kennedy, Atty. Asst. Page Elizabeth Grоss, Avrum M. Gen., and Anchorage Gen., Juneau, appellee. Atty. RABINOWITZ, J., CONNOR, C. Before MATTHEWS, JJ., and DI- and BURKE MOND, Senior Justice.

OPINION DIMOND, Justice. Senior T., daughter L. T.’s C. When Rita minor old, years boyfriend Rita and was two her cigarette with and beat burned a a a result of her a and stick. As with belt events, were commenced proceedings these paren- Rita’s in to terminate superior court 1977, in and hearings rights. ‍‌​‌​‌​​‌‌​​‌‌‌​‌‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​‌​‌‌‌‌​​‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌‌​​​‌​‍tal After C. L. T. be a adjudged superior her to the committed neglected child and of Health and Department custody court termi- superior Social Services. subdivi- rights under parental nated Rita’s appealed Rita (c)(3) of 47.10.080.1 sion judgment. we affirmed the to this court and T., In L. (Alaska 1979). re C. 597 P.2d 518 appeal, her first Rita contended In order she to a review of the was entitled parental We held likely 47.10.080(c)рrovides part: to continue to exist conduct in rights, there is no termination of If the court finds minor is a child that the responsibilities aid, terminate in need or department commit the child of one both legally appointed or to a order, adjudi- (3) by upоn showing in the child, guardian convincing cation clear evidence guardian annually report shall in of aid under AS there 47.10.010(a)(2) a child need on efforts made to find to the court as a con- result permanent placement for the child. dispositiоn upon showing duct and in the convincing clear that the evidence 47.10.080(b), that orders made under AS properly was not before this that the issue (c)(2)2 requested Rita shall be reviewed automati- had if neces- superior frequently cally year, on the matter in the court. each more T., provides Rita subse- then sary. In re L. 597 P.2d at 531. subsection C. applica- supe- upon quently applied orders shall reviewed such as parties, without of certain rior court denied interested *3 application to the аgain appealed parents, Rita has the minor’s when explanation. review. is whether she for the It good court. We now consider is establishes cause this (c)(3) are not superior court of orders under entitled to a review the clear thаt made review, inasmuch as her entitled to automatic its order which terminated (f) specifies subsection which orders are en- rights. (e)(3) under orders titled to this review and 47.10.080(f)governs the review the There no the list. is are not included within relating of its to delin- superiоr court orders orders are which similar enumeration of of and children in need aid quent children showing of good upon to review entitled before the (identified neglected children as cause, and the subsection language amended). It states: statute was whether orders clearly does not indicate delinquent found or a A minor to be to be (c)(3) are included pursuant made the state child in need of aid is a ward of type of review. or not for this depart- he is long as as committed public рolicy An of and or the examination ment health and social services] [of 47 as it relates to of supervise purposes the title power has the children, however, us that all or his actions. The shall review an convinces 47.10.080, (2) includ (b) (c)(1) pursuant order made under or of ders made to AS (cX3), the are be annually, may ing this section and review orders under subsection upon order more to determine if of an frequently application reviewed interested placement, super- good сontinued for probation, party if the cause party establishes vision, review, is in the as it is if still a of provided, the and the child is ward public. best interest of the minor and the as provides the court. AS 47.05.060 follows: minor, the minor’s department, The the as it relates tо purpose of this title are enti- parents, guardian, or custodian child children is to for each the secure shown, tled, when is in his guidance, care and own preferably If the application. review on moral, home, will the emotion that servе afford these granted, is the court shall al, mental, of welfare the physical no- their reasonable parties and counsel interests com best of and hold a tice in advance the review strengthen munity; preserve their parties where these possible, whenever re family child’s ties be opportunity counsel shall afforded an custody par of his moving him from the to be heard. The minor shall be afforded when his wel only ents as a resort last re- opportunity present be at the of safеty protection fare or the view. safeguarded public adequately cannot be removal; and, the child is provi- without when separate This subsection contains two sions for the review from to secure for family, of orders made removed his adequate custody and care. provides 47.10.080. The first him subsection ., here, department may (b), years except .. that 2. Subsection which is not relevant lengthy dealing generally may grant petition hearing a dispositive phase section with the for and thе court in a of a minor is two-year after a ... of commit- extensions (2), delinquent. beyond found Subsections which do the child’s ment not extend provide, pertinent part: birthday in is in the best 19th the extension public; ... interest of minor and the (c) If the court the minor is a finds that (2) рarents, to his aid, order the minor released child in of need guardian, or suitable (1) some other de- order the minor committed to the partment placement appropriate in an setting period two of time not to exceed pеrmanent intent homes be islative interpretation of subsec- We believe an fami an so that a stable (f) which the review of found for children permits hold for them. Our ly life can created terminates order this not conflict with in this case does ing these рurposes consonant with most adopted, has Once the child purpose. an for the child to provides opportunity it of the court longer or she is no ward he when living parents resume with his or cannot seek review parents and the natural capable providing parents become their the order that terminated care” for the child. “adequate custody and decree entry of a final rights. all, may par- While it not be true of some legal relationship be any adoption dissolves changing overcom- capable ents are child,5 and their tween the natural problems that caused the termina- ing the therefore, which and, relationship exists no those who tion of their For order be renewed if the could guidance рrovide can now the care and were reviewed. parental rights *4 moral, emotional, men- “that will serve the child,” of the AS physical tal and welfare long as a that as We conclude 47.05.060, reviewing good exists for cause court, remains ward сhild the parental the order that terminated their parents or her 47.10.080(f)his natural AS who wards rights. Many children become of the order termi entitled to a review are parents’ rights are of the court when their showing a nating parental rights upon their they terminаted are not there- adopted and hearing. cause Good good of cause for the throughout the remain of fore wards parents showed be established if the could Permitting of minority. a renewal their it would in the best interests that the and his betweеn child relationship the with living to resume them child a the if the is still ward of parents child them rehabilitated sufficiently have they undergone the have a parents court and guid provide proper so that they selves can pur- the fulfills substantial rehabilitation the child. ance and care for much, more, than poses of title 47 as before hearing for a applied When Rita spend the to his or her permitting child a court, that as superior she indicated the foster minority entire in a succession of rеhabilitation of a result fourteen-month homes. problems the she has overcome program 47.10.080(c)(3)re We note that AS of her led to the termination Department the of Health and Social quires professional also indicated rights. She attempt permanent counselors, to to find a would workers others social capable when she is now placement the child the to be able establish ‍‌​‌​‌​​‌‌​​‌‌‌​‌‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​‌​‌‌‌‌​​‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌‌​​​‌​‍loving been term home for C. rights parents of his have a providing natural of warm inated,3 (d) showing good of of that statute subdivision L. T. This is a sufficient the order the Health and to her to a review of authorizes Commissioner of entitle rights L. T. of if C. adoption the Services to consent Social leg yet adopted.6 a has not been These subsections indiсate the child.4 47.10.080(c)(3) provides part 3. AS in relevant (1) except respect spouse the with of a report guardian that “the annually shall petitioner spouse, and relatives of to re- the to the made court on efforts per- adoрted lieve the of natural the permanent placement for child.” find a the parental rights responsibilities, of all son legal relationships all and tween including terminate be- un- issued 47.10.080(d) “An order states: 4. AS relatives, adopted person and his com- authorizes of this section der parents, his natural so that his social services of health missioner adopted stranger thereafter to his person of the guardian of the designee or the purposes former for all relatives .... adoption the child.” of consent to the part: 20.15.130(a) provides in relevant note the time of 6.We that at Rita’s hearing adoption, proceedings adoption issued of whether for a L. T. had been commenced. adoption C. of final decree A state, any If other a final decree of or of state of this a court entered, re- already Rita’s has within matters as to following effect has quest should be state: of this denied. before jurisdiction superior this We REMAND case proceedings consistent

сourt for further Olsen, DANA, Peter a/k/a Peter opinion. with this Appellant, v. RABINOWITZ, Justice, concurring. Chief I the court’s construction of Alaska, Appellee. with agree STATE whose 47.10.080(f) parent that a natural No. 4888. terminated has parental rights have been of the order terminat- right to a review Alaska. Appeals Court upon showing ing cause. 22, 1981. Jan.

However, grant I would also original termination

Rita T. to review significantly stricter stan-

order under the statute, regardless of new

dards of the adopt- L. T. now been

whether or not C. has

ed. The new statute effective less became after

than four months the order terminat-

ing parental rights Rita T.’s was entered former

under the statute. M., Matter of J. M. and M.

In the *5 1376, 1378-79(Alaska 1978),holds that

P.2d adoption former repeal statute stricter significantly a new statute with for review

standards constitute chil judgment dependency, and that adjudged dependent

dren under AS 47.10.-

010(a)(5) repeal its to a prior to are entitled

hearing under the stricter standards of 47.10.010(a).

new under Since

court’s decision in the case at we have bar good-cause

held that review is available in a ‍‌​‌​‌​​‌‌​​‌‌‌​‌‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​‌​‌‌‌‌​​‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌‌​​​‌​‍case, T. is I conclude that Rita

termination review the termina

entitled to a under the stan of her regard new

dards of the statute without adopted or not C. L.

whether T. has

prior hearing. In contrast with the rehabilitation,

“good of Rita cause” T.’s

“good justifying cause” right

the new standards is that she has the applied have the new standards

original termination of her parental

Thus, hearing I de contemplate would termi original

termine whether not the

nation was valid.

Case Details

Case Name: RITA T. v. State
Court Name: Alaska Supreme Court
Date Published: Feb 13, 1981
Citation: 623 P.2d 344
Docket Number: 5036
Court Abbreviation: Alaska
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