Reynolds v. Tenant

51 Ark. 84 | Ark. | 1888

Battle, J.

Appellee instituted an action against appellant, and sued out an attachment, which was levied on his personal property and land. They recovered judgment; the attachment was sustained; and the property levied on was ordered to be sold. A writ of Ven. Ex. was issued, commanding the sheriff to sell. Upon its issuance, appellant, after giving the requisite notice, filed his schedule with the clerk of the court, and claimed the land as his homestead. The schedule was verified by an affidavit to the effect that the schedule was a correct list of all his property, except the wearing apparel of himself and family; that he is a resident of the state, a married man and the head of a family; that the land claimed as his homestead did not exceed one hundred and sixty acres, and was not worth exceeding $2,500; that he occupied it on the 10th of April, 1886, the date of his affidavit, as his homestead; and that he claimed it as his homestead and to be exempt from seizure or sale under attachment, and demanded a supersedeas. The clerk refused to issue the supersedeas, and the sheriff sold the land, a tract consisting of one hundred and fifty-five acres, in a body. Appellant was present at the sale and made no objection to the manner in which it was sold. The sheriff made a report of his proceedings to the court; and appellant moved the court to set aside the sale of the land, because it was his homestead and he had filed a schedule before the sale, as before stated. The court overruled the motion and confirmed the sale.

1. Homestead: Exemption from the sale under attachment. The attachment was levied on the 16th of February, 1886; the judgment of the court sustaining the attachment and directing the sale to be made was rendered on the 13th of March, 1886; and the schedule was filed on the 10th of April, following. Appellant failed to show, in the affidavit annexed to his schedule, or otherwise, that he occupied the land as a residence at the date of the levy of the attachment, The language used in the affidavit is, "he owns and now occupies the same as a homestead," which means he occupied it at the date of the affidavit, the 10th of April, 1886, nearly two months after the levy. His right to hold it as a homestead, exempt from seizure under an order of attachment, depended upon his having occupied it as a residence on the day it was attached. His occupancy of it after the levy did not relieve it of the attachment lien, or from sale under the judgment of condemnation. The judgment sustaining the attachment and condemning the property seized to be sold perfected the inchoate lien created by the levy; and appellant did not remove it by a subsequent occupation. Patrick v. Baxter, 42 Ark., 175; Richardson v. Adler, Goldman & Co., 46 Ark., 43.

2. Executions: Sale of land in a body. The sale of the land was made in a body. This, it is tended, is in violation of the statute, which provides that all sales of land under execution, when the tract to be sold contains more than forty acres, it shall be divided, as the owner may direct, into lots containing not more than forty nor less than twenty acres, and be sold accordingly. This requirement has been held by this court to be directory, and at the option of the owner, and may be waived, In this case the owner was present at the sale, find did not ask that the land be divided up according to the statute, or object to the sale. The requirement of the statute was for his benefit; he did not ask the sheriff to comply with it. He had a right to waive it and did so by his failure to demand it. It does not appear that the land failed to bring a fair price. Field v. Dortch, 34 Ark., 399; Youngblood v. Cunningham, 38 Ark., 571. Judgment affirmed.