112 Cal. 603 | Cal. | 1896
Appeal from an order refusing to settle defendant’s statement on motion for a new trial, a»d dismissing said motion.
The court below granted the motion upon the second ground, and, while saying that it was not necessary to pass upon the other grounds, expressed the opinion that they were insufficient to sustain the motion. Respondent, however, insists that, if the motion was properly granted upon any or either of the grounds specified, the order must be affirmed, and discusses all of them.
1. It is true the appellant’s proposed statement should be a fair one; but nothing should be inserted, in ex-tenso, at least, but that which is pertinent to the questions made by the moving party; and necessary for their proper consideration. The first alleged defect in said proposed statement pointed out by respondent is an illustration of the proper mode of preparing statements. It is as follows: “ Plaintiff offered in evidence the following documentary evidence: Minutes of the board of trustees of Reclamation District No. 535, showing order employing J. C. Boyd, engineer; also the report of said engineer to the board of trustees.” No objection or exception was made, and no question seems to be made thereon, and, therefore, a copy of the minutes would only encumber the transcript and increase both labor and expenses. If, however, for any reason the opposite party deemed the whole, or some part of the
It is further objected that reference is made to certain records, thus: “ In minute-book of said board appears the following order on page 331 [here insert].”
This is common practice in preparing proposed statements. It is seldom that proposed statements are not amended, and almost invariably it becomes necessary to rewrite them. The reference to the document or record, with the remark “ here insert,” notifies the opposite party that it is to become part of the statement. Such reference would, of course, not be sufficient in the engrossed statement. Such engrossed statement would be a “ skeleton statement” as declared in People v. Bartlett, 40 Cal. 146, and Bush v. Taylor, 45 Cal. 112, cited by respondent. We see no such defects in this proposed statement as would justify the court in refusing to settle it.
2. We think the court erred in granting respondent’s motion upon the second ground therein stated. The ten days allowed by statute for serving the proposed statement expired October 4th, but was extended by stipulation of counsel until October 8th, and on that day was extended by order of the court to and including the 22d, and on that day again extended by order until and including November 6th, on which last-named day it was served. These orders extended the time twenty-nine days, and the stipulation four, in all thirty-three days. Respondent’s contention seems to be that the court had no power, in any event, to extend the time for a period which, added to the time allowed by the stipulation, would exceed thirty days. But he goes further and says that “ the code limits the power of the court to extend the time allowed by the code alone.”
Respondent contends, however, that the stipulation limits the time “ by agreement” to the eighth day of October in which to prepare, serve, and file the statement. The language of the stipulation in that regard is: “It is also agreed on the part of the defendants in said cases that they will use their utmost endeavors to-have the statement of the case settled by the judge, and will, at as early a day as possible, have their transcript on appeal printed,” etc. This was not an agreement that they would waive their right to prepare the statement and move for a new trial, if they failed to serve-their statement on the day named.
Some questions are also made upon the form of the-orders made by the court extending time. The orders were each in the following form, the dates only being different: “ Good cause appearing, it is hereby ordered that the defendants in each of the above-entitled cases have to and including the sixth day of November, 1894, in which to prepare, serve, and file their statement of' the case, and affidavits, on appeal to the supreme court of the above said cases.”
Notice of intention to move for a new trial had been served, and the stipulation extending time referred to the “statement on motion for a new trial.” It is impossible that respondent should have been misled by the error, and informalities and mistakes which do not mislead must be disregarded.
It is also said that the stipulation and orders were for time to “ prepare, serve, and file” the statement, and as the statement cannot be “filed” until it is settled, and as there was no settlement of the statement attempted within the time limited by the order, that the defendants were too late; that the order limited the settlement and filing as well as the preparation and service. But that.
It is further contended that the stipulation and orders above mentioned were never filed. The bill of exceptions contained in the record recites: “Defendant’s counsel introduced, as filed before the hearing of said motion, the following stipulations and orders, which were received in evidence.” There are two answers to this contention: 1. The above statement imports that they were filed before the hearing: 2. Respondent’s counsel expressly stipulated in writing that the orders and stipulation extending time need not be filed. Counsel for respondent cites section 283 of the Code of Civil Procedure, to the effect that an attorney shall have authority: “ 1. To bind his client in any of the steps of an action or proceeding by his agreement filed with the clerk, or entered upon the minutes of the court, and not otherwise.” They also cite rule 23 of the superior court of Sacramento county, which is of similar purport.
The above section of the code was carefully considered by this court in Bank in Smith v. Whittier, 95 Cal. 279. It was there said, speaking of said section: “ It is not intended to enlarge or abridge the authority of the attorney, but only to prescribe the manner of its exercise. (Preston v. Hill, 50 Cal 53; 19 Am. Rep. 647.) The section does not require a construction that in no instance shall an agreement which the attorney may make in behalf of his client be binding, unless entered in the minutes of the court or filed with the clerk. Its provisions have reference to executory agreements, and not to those which have been wholly or in part executed; and it was with reference to oral agreements of an ex-ecutory character that the court said in its opinion in Borkheim v. North British etc. Ins. Co., 38 Cal. 628, ‘ of such agreements, therefore, there can be no specific per
The duty of counsel to himself, the court, and the profession in such cases, where his client has not interfered or dissented, is clear, and need not be discussed.
3. The third ground of respondent's motion was that the statement was served on a nonjudicial day, November 6, 1894, that being the day of a general election.
This objection is exceedingly technical. That day being a holiday, the statement might have been served the next day. (Code Civ. Proc., sec. 12.) Counsel for respondent insists, however, that the service of the statement was “ judicial business,” the transaction of which is prohibited by sections 133 and 134 of the Code of Civil Procedure.
Section 133 provides: “Courts of justice may be held and judicial business transacted on any day, except as provided in the next section.”
Section 134, as amended in 1893 (Stats. 1893, p. 187) —omitting the enumeration of the holidays—is as follows: ■“ No court shall be open, nor shall any judicial business be transacted, on ... . except for the following purposes: 1. To give, upon their request, ’instructions to a jury when deliberating on their verdict; 2. To receive a verdict or discharge a jury; 3. For the exercise of the powers of a magistrate in a criminal action, or in a proceeding of a criminal nature; provided, that
The amendment consists in inserting the words “and the superior courts,” after the words “supreme court,” in the third exception.
This amendment would settle the question before us but for a clause in our constitution, which provides that the superior courts “shall be always open (legal holidays and nonjudicial days excepted).” (Const., art. VI, sec. 5.)
But the service of this statement was not “judicial business.” Section 134 is a qualification of section 133, which relates solely to courts of justice. However that may be, the act in question was merely ministerial and not judicial. In the law dictionary by Rapalje and Lawrence judicial acts are defined as those “requiring the exercise of some judicial discretion, as distinguished from ministerial acts, which require none.”
Many of the cases referring to judicial acts, and the service of writs on dies non, relate to acts done on Sunday, and which were held invalid under statutes prohibiting the transaction of any secular business upon that day, and therefore have no application here.
In re Worthington, 7 Biss. 455, a judgment docketed on Christmas Day was held valid upon the ground that the act was ministerial and not judicial. In State v. California Min. Co., 13 Nev. 203, the undertaking on appeal was executed on Sunday, and that was held not to be “judicial business.” Whipple v. Hill, 36 Neb. 720, 38 Am. St. Rep. 742, is a stronger case than this. There the first Monday in September is, by statute, a legal holiday, known as “Labor Day”; and the statute provides: “No court can be opened, nor can any judicial business be transacted, on Sunday or any legal holiday, except: 1. To give instructions to a jury when deliberating on their verdict; 2. To receive a verdict or discharge a jury; 3. To exercise the powers of a single
. In Weil v. Geier, 61 Wis. 414, it was held that the statute providing that “ no court shall be opened or transact any business on a legal holiday” does not prohibit a justice of the peace from issuing a summons on that day, that being a purely ministerial act.
At common law Sunday is dies non juridicus, and judicial acts cannot be done on that day, though other acts may be, unless prohibited by statute. (Story v. Elliot, 8 Cow. 27; 18 Am. Dec. 423.) What has been said sufficiently answers the authorities cited by respondent.
The order refusing to settle the defendant’s statement on motion for new trial, and dismissing said motion, should be reversed, with directions to settle said statement and hear said motion.
Belcher, C., and Searls, C., concurred.
McFarland, J., Temple, J., Henshaw, J.