Raposa v. Oliveira

247 Mass. 188 | Mass. | 1924

DeCourcy, J.

This is a petition to prove the will of Joseph Avila Bettencourt, late of New Bedford. Three issues for a jury were framed in the Probate Court and sent to the Superior Court for trial. At the first trial, the jury found that the instrument was legally executed, and that the testator was of sound mind at the time; but they disagreed on the issue whether the will was “ procured to be made by fraud or undue influence of Joseph Baposo, Joseph Bapozo, Jr. and Mary Baposa, or any of them exercised upon ” the said testator. The second trial was confined to this issue. The contestant presented three witnesses and rested. The petitioner thereupon rested, and moved that the trial judge instruct the jury to answer the issue, “ No.” This motion was allowed subject to the contestant’s exception.

On the evidence introduced the jury would be warranted in finding the following facts: The testator was about fifty-five years of age, had been in poor health for some time, and was unable to read or write. He had two bank books; a mortgage; and two notes, one for $1,700 and the other for $350. For seven years he had entrusted these to the custody of one Anna Perry, who attended to his business affairs. His only living relative was a sister, the contestant, Maria Oliveira, who lives in the Azores. She often wrote to him; and he frequently sent money to her. More than once he told people that he intended to remember his sister in his will: and as late as a week before his death, when advised to make a will, he said, “No, because I have only got a sister living, everything belongs to her and everything goes to her.”

The will does not mention this sister. It bequeaths all his property in equal shares to Joseph Rapozo, Jr., Mary Raposa, and their father Joseph Raposo; and nominates Mary Raposa as executrix, with a request that she be exempt from furnishing sureties on her official bond. According to the evidence the testator did not know Mary; he had said he would trust the old man Raposo quicker than he would trust the son; and said Joseph owed him $350, and recently had refused to let him stay at his (Raposo’s) house.

The will was executed on April 19, 1921, at the home of one Manuel Da Silva, where the testator was then living. He was ill and weak. At about two o’clock in the afternoon Joseph Raposo called, and said, “ Joe, you must say where you have your bank books.” Later in the afternoon Mary Raposa, her brother Joseph, a lawyer and one Sylvia, a deputy sheriff came to the Da Silva house. The testator was rechning on a chair in the kitchen. Mary Raposa told Da Silva to leave the room; and he did so under protest. Mary, her brother and the lawyer apparently remained in the kitchen with the testator, and later called in Sylvia. No evidence was offered as to what occurred there. After these people had left, Da Silva and his wife entered the kitchen. The testator said nothing. He was “ pallid, cold and lifeless,” and died about three hours later.

Undue influence, while sometimes susceptible of proof by direct testimony, may be exercised by indirect and secret ways, which are disclosed only in their result. Its existence must then be gathered from the attendant circumstances, such as the health and mental condition of the testator, and the opportunity and power of the beneficiary to overcome the free will of the donor and substitute his ownwyA-S was said in Neill v. Brackett, 234 Mass. 367, 369, “ Undue influence may be inferred from the nature of the testamentary provisions accompanied by questionable conditions, as for example when disproportionate gifts or benefactions to strangers are made under unusual circumstances.”

On the evidence presented by the contestant, meager though it was, it could be found that the testator was enfeebled by age and sickness; that he'made the will in the presence of two of the beneficiaries and without disinterested advice; and that the alleged will gave all of his property to comparative strangers, and deprived his only sister, who had a natural claim on his bounty, of all benefit in the estate which he had declared was to go to her. These facts unexplained, and under the suspicious circumstances in which the instrument was executed, would authorize the jury to find that the will was procured by undue influence. The contestant was entitled to go to the j ury on this issue. Woodbury v. Woodbury, 141 Mass. 329. Dresser v. Dresser, 181 Mass. 93. Davenport v. Johnson, 182 Mass. 269. Hoffman v. Hoffman, 192 Mass. 416. Neill v. Brackett, supra; S. C. 241 Mass. 534.

Exceptions sustained.