267 Mo. 333 | Mo. | 1916
Prohibition. Relator invokes this writ to prevent the circuit court of St. Francois County from entertaining jurisdiction in a proceeding’ to contest the right to the office of justice of the peace.
At the general election held in November, 1914, Ramsey, the relator, and Covington, one of the respondents, were opposing candidates for the office of justice of the peace in one of the townships of said county. Ramsey at said election received the greater number of votes, a commission was delivered to him and he was inducted into office.
On November 25,1914, Covington notified Ramsey, by delivering to him a copy of the petition in the proceeding, that “at the next term of the county court of St. Francois County, to-wit, on Monday, December 7, 1914, he would contest Ramsey’s right to said office.” On said day Ramsey, appearing to plead to the jurisdiction of the court, filed a motion therein which alleged, among other things, that the return of the sheriff of the service of notice of contest showed upon its face that it was served on the 25th day of November, 1914, and that he was in fact served,on said day, or only twelve days before the next term of said county court, whereas section 5924, Revised Statutes 1909, provides that in all such matters a notice shall be served upon the contestee fifteen days before the term of court at which such election is to be contested and hence said county court was without authority to hear said cause.
Covington thereupon asked leave to amend the notice which constituted the petition by striking out
Whatever individual opinion may, therefore, be entertained as to the correctness of the construction of the rule in regard to general words following particular words, as announced in Thomas v. Mead, supra, must be subordinated to the conclusion -reached in that ease and subsequent cases, and discussion in regard thereto is foreclosed and the right of the court to issue the writ in the exercise of its supervisory control over any inferior tribunal is completely established.
Under these rulings the conclusion is authorized that the office of justice of the peace is one held under the authority of the laws of this State, and hence this court has jurisdiction.
Such courts being, therefore, clothed with general power herein, it remains to be determined whether the statute prescribing the procedure relative hereto has been complied with — because to the statute alone, upon which contests of elections are solely based, we must look to determine the regularity of the court’s proceeding. [State ex rel. v. Hough, 193 Mo. l. c. 645.] Furthermore, the fact must be borne in mind that county courts are inferior tribunals, not proceeding according to the course of the common law, but confined to the authority given them by statute, and that the
It is contended here that the notice of the contest of election was insufficient. The statute requires, among other things, that “the notice shall be served fifteen days before the term óf court at which the election shall be contested,” etc. The object of the statute in requiring the notice has two distinct purposes. One is to bring the party into court and the other to set forth and advise the court of the grounds of the contest. The notice, therefore, stands in lieu of and performs the functions of a writ and a petition in an ordinary suit. [State ex rel. Wells v. Hough, 193 Mo. l. c. 642; Hale v. Stimson, 198 Mo. l. c. 145.] Possessed of this importance, the service of the notice as required by law becomes jurisdictional and is absolutely essential to the validity of the proceeding. [State ex rel. Sale v. McElhinney, 199 Mo. l. c. 78.] The rule is well established- and uniform in its operation that where the jurisdiction of a court is made to depend upon the time either of the giving of notice or of taking an appeal, the requirement is peremptory. In Castello v. Court, 28 Mo. 259, we held that the notice required in a contested election case must be given within the time pescribed by the statute, and in Wilson v. Lucas, 43 Mo. 290, which was a contest of an election to the office of circuit judge, the statute required a certain number of days’ notice of the -contest and the petition was dismissed because the requirement was not observed. In Bowen v. Hixon, 45 Mo. 340, involving a contest for the office of county clerk, the notice of the contest required by the statute was not complied with and the proceedings were held to be invalid. In Adcock v. Lecompt, 66 Mo. 40, a contest for the office of county collector, the proceeding was dismissed on account of a defective
In the instant case the notice of contest was served on the contestee on the 25th day of November, 1914, in which he was notified that at the next term of the county court of St. Francois County, to he begun on Monday, the 7th day of December, 1914, a proceeding would he begun and prosecuted in said court by contestant to determine the contestee’s right to the office of justice of the peace. From these facts it is evident that the contestee was only given twelve days notice of said contest, which was not sufficient under the statute, and it was so held by the county court. It is contended, however, that this defect was cured by the amendment proposed to he made after the filing of the contestee’s plea to the jurisdiction, which attempted to fix the time of hearing of the proceeding at fifteen days from the date of the service of the notice on the contestee. This proposed amendment was not permitted by the county court. It is only where jurisdiction has been obtained by proper notice in the manner pointed out by the statute that an amendment may be made to a notice of contest. It was so held in Nash v. Craig, 134 Mo. 347, which ruling was approved in State ex rel. v. Hough, 193 Mo. l. c. 650. The correctness of this ruling is evident from the nature of the proceeding. The notice constitutes the petition in the case. Jurisdiction is acquired by properly serving it upon'the contestee. Unless it has been so served the court is without authority to make any order in the premises except to dismiss the proceeding and upon a proper application to grant the contestant an appeal. The county court being without jurisdiction, the circuit court ac
It' is therefore ordered that the preliminary writ of prohibition issued be made absolute and that the circuit court refrain from further exercise of jurisdiction herein.