Quinn v. City of New York

74 N.Y.S. 89 | N.Y. App. Div. | 1902

Goodrich, P. J.:

In this action, brought to recover damages for personal injuries, the plaintiff recovered a judgment from-which the city appeals on the ground that there was no compliance with chapter 572 of' the Laws of 1886, section 1 of which reads as follows: “Yo action-against the mayor, aldermen and commonalty of any city in this State, having fifty thousand inhabitants or over, for damages for. personal injuries alleged to have been sustainéd by reason of the negligence of such mayor, aldermen and commorialty,- or of any department, board, officer, agent or employee of said corporation, shall be maintained, unless the same shall be commenced within one year after the cause of action therefor shall have accrued, nor unless notice of the intention to commence such action and of the time and place at which the injuries were received shall have been filed with the counsel to the corporation or other proper law officer thereof within six months after such cause of action shall have accrued.”

The plaintiff alleged in his complaint that he “ duly filed, in the office of the Comptroller of the City of Yew York, a claim for $1,000 damages for personal injuries sustained as aforesaid,, and a • demand was at said time and in said notice duly made upon, the Comptroller aforesaid for the payment to the plaintiff of said sum of $1,000. That thirty days have elapsed since the filing of said notice and demand, and that the defendant refused to pay to plaintiff the amount demanded in said notice.”

The allegation was not denied in the answer, and the plaintiff contends that this notice was sufficient under -section 261 of the Greater Few York charter (Laws of 1897, chap. 378), which reads as follows: “Fa action' or special proceeding, for any cause whatever, shall be prosecuted or maintained against The City of Few York, unless it shall appear by and as an allegation in the complaint or necessary moving papers that at least thirty days have elapsed since the demand, claim or claims upon which sucli action or special proceeding is founded were presented to the comptroller' of said city for adjustment, and that he has neglected or refused to make an adjustment or payment thereof for thirty days after such presentment. If the plaintiff recovers judgment in his action or special proceeding he shall recover full taxable costs without regard to the amount of the judgment.”

The first question raised is whether section 261 of the charter repeals by implication the act of 1886, so far as it relates to the city of Few- York. It is elementary that repeals by implication are not favored. Section 1609 of the Greater Few York charter provides that the mere omission from the act of any previous acts or of any of the provisions thereof relating to either-of the municipal corporations thereby united and consolidated shall not be held to be a repeal thereof.

In Mertz v. City of Brooklyn (33 F. Y. St. Repr. 577; affd. without opinion, 128 N. Y. 617) it was held that chapter 563 of the Laws of 1886 was not repealed by chapter 572 of the same year because the first act did not apply to actions for torts. Chapter 563 provided that “Fa action or special proceeding shall be prosecuted or maintained against the city of Brooklyn,” unless the claim upon which the action was founded should have been presented to the comptroller of the city for adjustment.

So also in Harrigan v. City of Brooklyn (119 N. Y. 156) the court held that the provision of the charter of the city (Laws of 1888, chap. 583, tit. 22, § 30), which read “ no action or special proceeding,” did not apply to claims arising ex delicto.

Section 261 of the charter contains some additional words to those used in chapter 563 of the Laws of 1886, and reads, “No action or special proceeding, for my cause whatever, shall be prosecuted or maintained against The City'of New York, unless,” etc. If it were "not for the additional words, “for any cause whatever,” we should have no difficulty in considering the decision in Harrigan v. City of Brooklyn (supra) and Mertz v. City of Brooklyn (supra) as authority for holding that section 261 did not by implication repeal the act of 1886 so far as it relates to the city of New York.

The question is whether the words in section 261 of the charter, “ for any cause whatever,” add anything to the meaning of the words “ no action or special proceeding,” contained in chapter 563 of the Laws of 1886. 'It is difficult to see how more comprehensive words could be used tnan “ no action or special proceeding.” ■ The words, “ for any cause whatever,” seem to be used tautologically. They do not seem to add anything to or to detract anything from the comprehensiveness of the words used in chapter 563. Consequently we must hold, in accordance with the cases cited, that section 261 does not apply to actions of tort or claims arising ex delicto.

The two sections áre not only consonant but were evidently intended to meet different conditions. . As section 261 does not relate to actions ex delicto, or in tort, it must relate to actions .based on contract.. It seems to have been the intention of the Legislature that such claims against the city should be subjected to the scrutiny of the comptroller as head of the financial department and passed upon by him. The section does not attempt to repeal the general Statute of Limitations by requiring the filing of the claim within any specific period, other than that it must be presented to him thirty days' before the commencement of an action. On the contrary, chapter 572 reduces the six-year limitation of the time for commencing an action against the city to recover damages for a personal injury to one year, and requires the filing of a notice of intention to commence the action with the.law officer of the corporation within six months after the cause of action shall have accrued. The reason of the difference is not far to seek. Experience teaches that in actions for personal injuries it is of consequence- that the city should have opportunity to investigate attendant facts which' áre not likely to be within the knowledge of any municipal officer, while in actions on contract the liability of the city is usually based on contracts made with some officer, of which there is some written agreement, record, document or public act. This affords a sufficient reason for holding that the two sections are concurrent and consistent, and that chapter 572 was not repealed by implication by the passage of the charter provision (§ 261).

We are, therefore, forced to the conclusion that the cases above cited require a reversal of the judgment appealed from.

All concurred, except Woodward, J., dissenting.

Judgment and order reversed and new trial granted, costs to abide the event.