30 Ohio Law. Abs. 653 | Ohio Ct. App. | 1938
Lead Opinion
OPINION
This is an appeal from an order of the Court of Common Pleas of Hamilton County sustaining a motion to quash service of summons made upon Owens-Illinois Glass Company, an Ohio corporation, with its principal place of business in Toledo, Lucas County, in this state.
The action is one for damages on account of personal injuries by the purchaser of a beer dispenser, for conditioning beer for use as a beverage, against the manufacturer, the whoiesaler and the retailer who sold it to the plaintiff.
The service of summons issued for Owens-Illinois Glass Company was served by leaving a copy “at its office and usual place of business, and in the hands of A. W. Moore, its Cincinnati Branch Manager, the person in charge thereof, no chief or other officer being found.” This service took place in Hamilton county.
The motion to quash this service was upon two grounds: (1) That the action was not brought within the proper county as required by §11272, GC; and, (2) That the service was not made in accordance with the provisions of §11288, GC.
The trial court found “Upon the evidence, that the service of summons, in the manner indicated * * * is ineffective and invalid as service * * * The Court therefore find said motion well taken, and, therefore, sustains the same.” The court then ordered that the service be “vacated, set aside, and quashed as against and upon the defendant Owens-Illinois Glass Company at the cost of plaintiff.” Neither at that time nor at r*ny subsequent time did the court enter any judgment dismissing Owens-Illinois Glass Company. The action is still pending against it.
In every court, before proceeding to consider and determine the cause brought before it for adjudication, it is necessary to determine whether the court has acquired jurisdiction over the person of the defendant as well as jurisdiction over the subject-matter. The trial court determined that the service made in this case was not sufficient in law to give it jurisdiction over Owens-Illinois Glass Company, and, as no other or further service has been made upon it, that court has not assumed to adjudge the merits of the cause, so far as that defendant is concerned, and will not unless it reconsiders and reverses its action, or this court should adjudge that the service of summons is sufficient to give it jurisdiction.
But this court before proceeding to consider whether that service of sum
However, the Supreme Court has decided that in construing the Constitution a narrow and technical definition of the word “judgment” should be avoided and accordingly has held that it comprehends all decrees and final orders, which determine the rights of parties affected thereby. Id.
The nature of the order appealed from would naturally suggest a doubt as to whether it represents that final disposition of the case by the trial court that could, be reviewed by this court. All the court has done has been to hold that the particular service of summons was not in conformity to law. It has not held that service could not be made upon the defendant so as to confer jurisdiction. It has not disclaimed jurisdiction of the subject-matter. Notwithstanding this order appealed from, the case is still pending against this defendant in the Common Pleas Court awaiting a proper service of summons’ on the defendant, so that the court may, as to it, exercise its jurisdiction over the subject-matter. No order of dismissal of the action has been entered. Certain cases have been cited bearing upon the question of whether an order quashing service of summons comes within the definition of a judgment.
In Towne v National Machinery Co., 10 Oh Ap 265, such order quashing service of summons upon an Ohio corporation was held not to be a final order or judgment from which error could be prosecuted. However, it appeared in that case that at the time the order quashing the service was entered it had been the intention of the court to follow it with a dismissal of the case and when the record was corrected by a nunc pro tunc entry to that effect, the Court of Appeals held that it had jurisdiction to review the record.
In Hurd v John B. Ransom & Co., 13 Oh Ap 135, the court held that error could be prosecuted from an order quashing service upon a non-resident corporation, the Court distinguishing the case from Towne v Machinery Co. on the ground that in that case the defendant was an Ohio corporation and in the case before it the defendant was a foreign corporation.
In Berman v MacGregor, 7 Abs 405, the court had before it a record which showed an order quashing the service of summons, but no dismissal of the action, and on the hearing of a motion to dismiss the error proceedings the Court of Appeals sustained the motion saying:
“In the case of Towne v The National Machinery Company, 10 Oh Ap 265, Judge Richards writing the opinion of the Court in the Sixth District, in which motion to certify the case was overruled February 5th, 1928, held that an order granting a motion to quash service of summons was not a final order from which error could be taken; that it was necessary to have the case disposed of and a final entry in the case before an error of that kind could be prosecuted, and we are inclined to follow that authority.”
The sustaining of a motion to quash service of summons places a plaintiff in a position analogous to that in
The state of the record in this case is the same as the record was in Towne v Machinery Co., supra, as originally presented, and, upon which the court announced that it was insufficient to confer jurisdiction. There is no suggestion in this case as there was in that case that the plaintiff disclaimed to the court the intention of seeking further process against this defendant or that it was the intention of the trial court to dismiss the action upon sustaining the motion. We are not, therefore, presented with the situation which caused the court in that case to hold it until the trial court could correct its record by a nunc pro tunc entry dismissing the action and the corrected record, certified to the appellate court.
For these reasons, this action is dismissed for lack of jurisdiction to hear and determine it.
Rehearing
APPLICATION FOR, REHEARING
No. 5431.
We have examined the application for a rehearing and find that no reason not already urged upon us and no authorities not considered upon the' submission of the case are presented. From the authorities cited, we selected for notice in our opinion those which would make manifest the reason for our conclusion, and in the interests of brevity refrained from commenting on those which in our view furnished no basis for an answer to the question before us. We placed Urschel v Hannin, 25 Oh Ap 368; Gorey v Black, 100 Oh St 73; Allen v Smith, 84 Oh St 283; Can
In Urschel v Hannin, supra, it appears that the trial court had entered judgment lor costs. As we understand the languge used this was a judgment for all the costs of the action in favor of the defendant, and finally disposed of the case, and was not merely an order imposing the costs of an ineffective service upon the plaintiff who caused such costs for which he would be liable in any event and without any order of the court and which order, if made, would not be reviewable. Hart v Murray, 3 C. C. 431. Furthermore, the defendant was a non-resident of Ohio.
In Allen v Smith, 84 Oh St 283, Gorey v Black, 100 Oh St 73, and Canton Provision Co. v Gander, 130 Oh St 43, the Courts of Appeals had rendered judgments of affirmance at the costs of the appellants, and it was these judgments that were under review in the Supreme Court. There can be no doubt that the Supreme Court had jurisdiction to so'do. In each case the judgment of the Court of Appeals was reversed, and in doing so the court passed upon the merits of the ruling by the Court of Common Pleas upon a motion to quash service of summons. Undoubtedly in doing this the Supreme Court infer-en tially sustained the jurisdiction of the Court of Appeals to review that order. However, the jurisdictional question was not placed in the syllabus or discussed in the opinion. The court, therefore, announced no rule for our guidance. The most that can be said is that it was a question “lurking in the record”, which might have been flushed from cover, so that it would be noticed by the court, but was not.
The same observation is applicable to Canton Provision Co. v Gauder, 56 Oh Ap 170. The question here presented was not discussed.
In 11 O. Jur. 773, it is said:
“It is a well established rule that a reported decision, although in a case where the question might have been raised is entitled to no consideration whatever as settling by judicial deter- - mination a principle not passed upon or raised at the time of the adjudication.”
See also: 14 Am Jur., 291.
Counsel urges that the order should be considered final and a judgment, because there is no possibility of making any other service upon the appellee. If that is the situation, all that needs to be done to lay the predicate for a review by this court is to state that fact to the Common Pleas Court and undoubtedly the appropriate final judgment dismissing the appellee with its costs will be entered.
For these reasons, the application for a rehearing or to certify is denied.