119 Mich. 528 | Mich. | 1899
The relators have asked a mandamus to compel the attorney general to file an information in the nature of a quo warranto to -try the right of Alex. I. McLeod to the office of treasurer of Wayne county. The material facts are undisputed, and are, in substance, as follows: At the fall election in 1894 Mr. McLeod was elected treasurer for a term of two years, to commence January 1,1895. The legislature, at its 1895 session, passed a law (Act No. 394, Local Acts 1895) changing the time for the commencement of the term of office of the treasurer of Wayne county thereafter from January 1st to July 1st next succeeding his election, and providing that the term of the incumbent should end on the 30th day of June, 1897. McLeod subsequently filed his official bond to cover the period between January 1 and July 1, 1897. At the fall election in 1896 Mr. McLeod was re-elected treasurer, and received his certificate of election. At the fall election of 1898 Mr. Buhrer, who during the incumbency of Mr. McLeod was deputy treasurer, was elected to the office of treasurer, over Mr. Licht, one of the petitioners to the attorney general. Since January 1 1899, Mr McLeod
The office in question is a county office, and the circuit court has jurisdiction to hear such cases. 2 How. Stat. § 8662. And this court should not be asked to entertain them, unless the case is quite exceptional. Coon v. Attorney General, 42 Mich. 65. It may be that it was the expectation that the attorney general would commence such proceeding in the circuit. This statute permits a citizen to file an information, without the intervention of a public officer, upon leave of court; but this provision has been held to have been intended for the benefit of persons making claim to the office, and others could not be allowed to institute proceedings without the aid of the prosecuting officer of the State or county. Vrooman v. Michie, 69 Mich. 42. The relators’ standing must, then, depend upon their right to compel the proper officer to attack the title of McLeod to the office. The case of Lamoreaux v. Attorney General, 89 Mich. 151, has determined that' citizens may bring mandamus to compel the proper officer to commence proceedings to oust an usurper, and that the
“Under the holdings of this court in Vrooman v. Michie, 69 Mich. 42, the relator has not made out such a case.as warrants the interference of this court with the action of the attorney general. The attorney general ought not to institute proceedings by quo warranto, upon the relation of a citizen having no claim of title to the office, unless the showing is such as to afford reasonable grounds for the belief that the incumbent of the office is an intruder therein, or one not competent, under the Constitution, to hold it. We are satisfied that not only is there no ‘ precise and positive showing ’ such as the law requires, but that the evidence produced in support of the relator’s claim, taken in connection with the counter-affidavits, does not afford any reasonable ground for the belief that such proceedings would result in the determination that John McQueen is an alien.”
And we doubt the propriety of compelling such proceedings where based alone upon advice to the relator that the law under which the incumbent holds is unconstitutional. The strong presumption is that all laws are constitutional. It would seem to be the duty of the attorney general and the prosecuting officers to uphold the laws, and try to enforce them, rather than to attack them by all available methods; and the practice of permitting moot cases, where no private right is involved, and no public interest of importance is to be subserved, deserves no encouragement. And we are of the opinion that the prosecuting officer might properly place his refusal upon the presumption of the validity of the law, leaving the question unsettled until a case where a person having a private interest sufficient to move the court to grant him the right to prosecute should arise. But we do not care to place the decision of this case upon this ground.
The application in this case was to the attorney general.
The writ will be denied, with costs.