177 P. 933 | Nev. | 1919
By the Court,
Potter brought suit to recover damages for personal injury, and, judgment having been rendered against the railroad company, it has appealed.
The first count pleaded the Nevada workmen’s compensation act (Stats. 1913, c. Ill), and that defendant had rejected the same. The second count was substantially the same as the first, but, instead of pleading the aforesaid act, pleaded the federal safety appliance act (Act March 2,1893, c. 196, 27 Stat. 531; U. S. Comp. St. 8605-8612), and the federal employers’ liability act (Act Cong. April 22,1908, c. 149, 35 Stat. 65; U. S. Comp. St. 8657-8665).
The defendant company filed an answer in which it denied the acts of negligence alleged in both counts of the complaint, and also set up an affirmative defense of contributory negligence on the part of the plaintiff in bar to the action, and pleaded that plaintiff had assumed the risk.
At the time of the trial plaintiff withdrew his first cause of action.
The error assigned on this appeal pertains to an order sustaining a motion made by counsel for plaintiff to strike from the answer the affirmative defenses of contributory negligence and assumed risk. The motion to
Section 3 of the federal employers’ liability act reads:
“In all actions hereafter brought against any such common carrier by railroad under or by virtue of any of the provisions of this act to recover damages for personal injuries to an employee, or where such injuries have resulted in his death, the fact that the employee may have been guilty of contributory negligence shall not bar a recovery, but the damages shall be diminished by the jury in proportion to the amount of negligence attributable to such employee; provided, that no such employee who may be injured or killed shall be held to have been guilty of contributory negligence in any case where the violation by such common carrier of any statute enacted for the safety of employees contributed to the injury or death of such employee.” U. S. Comp. St. 1916, vol. 8, p. 9423. .
Section 4 of said act provides:
“In any action brought against any common carrier under or by virtue of any of the provisions of this act to recover damages for injuries to, or the death of, any of its employees, such employee shall not be held to have assumed the risks of his employment in any case where the violation by such common carrier of any statute enacted for the safety of employees contributed to the injury or death of such employee.” U. S. Comp. St. 1916, vol. 8, p. 9427.
Counsel for appellant concede the correctness of the general contention made by counsel for respondent as to. the rule of law, but insist that there is nothing in the act which prohibits the making of the defenses of contributory negligence and assumed risk when the complaint sets up, as it is asserted is the fact in the case at bar, not only a violation of the federal act, but also
“Defendant contends that the proximate cause of plaintiff’s injury was, not the defective condition of the coupling, but his violation of a rule of the employer forbidding employees going between moving cars. It appears that there was such a rule. There is evidence that in this yard it had, with the knowledge of the yardmaster, been more honored in its breach than in its observance. But, whatever may be said of the propriety of plaintiff’s act in going between the cars, it was only one of the concurring causes of plaintiff’s injury. The violation of the statute was one cause of his injury. Turrittin v. Chicago, St. P., M. & O. Ry. Co., 95 Minn. 408, 104 N. W. 226; Sprague v. Wisconsin Cent. Ry. Co., 104 Minn. 58, 116 N. W. 104. This is all that is necessary to create liability. The statute which abolishes*377 contributory negligence ‘would be nullified by calling plaintiff’s act the proximate cause, and then defeating him, when he could not be defeated by calling his act contributory negligence. * * * It is only when the plaintiff’s act is the sole cause — when defendant’s act is no part of the causation — that defendant is free from liability under the act.’ Grand Trunk Western Ry. Co. v. Lindsay, 233 U. S. 42, 47, 34 Sup. Ct. 581, 582, 58 L. Ed. 838, Ann. Cas. 1914c, 168, quoting 201 Fed. 844, 120 C. C. A. 166.”
The judgment in that case was affirmed by a unanimous-court in Great Northern Ry. Co. v. Otos, 239 U. S. 349, 36 Sup. Ct. 124, 60 L. Ed. 322, where it is said:
“Under the instructions of the court, the jury must have found that the defect was the proximate cause of the injury, as that was made a condition of the plaintiff’s right to recover. If so, the fact that the plaintiff’s conduct contributed to the result was not a defense.”
It will be seen that the entire question turned upon what was the proximate causé of the injury.
Counsel for appellant say in their brief that, had the company admitted in its answer that the defective coupling was the proximate cause of the injury, there might be some ground for sustaining the motion. We do not think it matters whether or not the answer
The court did not err in its order striking the defenses of contributory negligence and assumed risk, and the judgment should be, and is, affirmed.