69 Pa. Super. 22 | Pa. Super. Ct. | 1918
Opinion by
The Act of 1836 made “every building erected, etc., subject to a lien for the payment of all debts contracted for work done or materials furnished for or about the erection or construction of the same” and the Act of 1901 makes “Every structure or other improvement” subject to a like lien. It is further provided in the latter act that “Any labor or materials furnished in completely fitting up or equipping the structure or other improvement for the purpose for which it was intended shall be treated as part of the erection or construction thereof.” Neither of these acts defined the kind of material entering into the construction of a building which should be covered by their provisions. It was sufficient under each óf the statutes referred to that the material was furnished for or about the erection or construction. The plaintiff’s claim was for wire window and door screens placed in the building described in the lien at the request of the owner. The learned trial judge submitted to the jury the inquiry whether taking into consideration the character of the material and the manner in which it was attached to the building it was the intention of the owner to make it a part of the building and whether it became in fact a part of the building. The attention of the jury was called to the evidence showing the material of which the screens were composed, the manner in which the frames were set and fastened in the openings and the use made of them. The language of the third section of the Act of 1901 is evidently broad enough to cover material of the kind shown to have been supplied by the plaintiff. It was part of the “fitting up or equipping” the structure for the purpose for which it was intended; that is, an apartment house. The. very general use of screens in open doors and win
The appellant contends, however, that if the material for which the lien was filed is covered by the Act of 1901 the lien is invalid because no lien was given prior to the Constitution of 1874 and that any provision of the Act of 1901 which is divergent from or in advance on the law prior to that constitution is invalid as held in Sax v. School Dist. of Wilkes-Barre, 237 Pa. 68; and the cases preceding that along the same line.
The argument is that screens do not constitute an essential part of the erection or construction of a building; that they are not necessary to its completion and that, therefore, they were not covered by the Act of 1836 or any legislation prior to the Constitution of 1874, and that therefore, a mechanic’s lien law can not be extended to apply to a class of subjects not included within that law when the present Constitution went into effect. It may be that the screens are not necessary to the completion of a building but that may be said of window shutters and of storm windows and of other parts of buildings. It would hardly be contended that the shutters attached to the outside of the window frames were not part of the house or the double windows used in localities where the severity of the weather in winter renders them desirable if not necessary and the screen door seems as appropriately a part of the house as a slatted window shutter or the storm window. Our attention has not been called to any case in this State on the point but the same question was considered in Fish v. Young, 128 Wis. 149, where under a practically identical statute it was held that screens manufactured specially and fitted to the house and adapted to its permanent enjoyment were the subject of lien as part of the house when
The offer of expert evidence as contained in the fourth assignment was properly rejected by the court. The case was to be determined by what the parties did; not by the opinion of a witness, who had built, or had seen, houses built, as to whether a particular part of the building was or was not a constituent part of the structure. The testimony shows that the screen doors and window screens were fully described.as was also the manner of their use and attachment to the building. It was within the power of the owner to put screens in his windows and keep them there permanently if he saw fit or to adjust them so they could be removed when their use was not required. This was as obvious to the jury as to an expert and the case did not call for special skill or knowledge therefore.
The building specifications were offered and rejected by the court. If as we may assume the purpose of the offer was to show that they did not provide for screen doors or window screens the evidence was irrelevant. The plaintiff was in no way a party to the preparation of them nor was he bound by what they exhibited. He dealt directly with the owner, who could enlarge or alter his plans as he saw fit. We are not persuaded that any of the assignments should be sustained.
The judgment is affirmed.
