147 Mo. App. 692 | Mo. Ct. App. | 1910
These parties entered into a contract which we transcribe:
“This contract made and entered into this 29th day of August, 1907, by and between Annie M. Pope of the city of St. Louis, State of Missouri, party of the first part, and Mrs. Maggie Bedford, of 3964A Finney avenue, party of the second part, Witnesseth, that:
“Whereas, said Annie M. Pope has knowledge of a certain system or method of treating the scalp and hair, having for its object the production or increase of a growth of hair, which system of treatment said party of the first part has practiced on large numbers of persons for years, and for use in which said party of the first part has adopted certain preparations known as ‘Poro’ Temple Grower, ‘Pope’ Hair Grower, ‘Poro’ Pressing Oil, etc., which said preparations the party of the first part has found by experience to be especially suitable for and adapted to her aforesaid system or method of treatment of the scalp and hair;
“Now, therefore, in consideration of the said party of the first part instructing said party of the second part in said system or method of treatment of the scalp and hair and in the use and application of said ‘Poro’ remedies and hair applications, said party of the second part hereby agrees as follows:
*694 “1. That the party of the second part will pay to the party of the first part the sum of twenty-five dollars (|25).
“2. That the party of the second part will not use in the practice of said system or method of scalp or hair treatment so taught the party of the second part by the party of the first part as aforesaid any temple grower, hair grower, pressing oil, or other application or preparation except the above mentioned Toro’ preparations of the party of the first part, and said party of the second part agrees not to mention having learned the system or method of treatment of the scalp and hair of the party of the first part except in connection with the use by the party of the second part, of said Toro’ preparations of the party of the first part and not in connection with the use of any other hair or scalp applications or treatments; and said party of the second part furthermore agrees that if the party of the second part teaches said system or method of hair and scalp treatment of the party of the first part to any one else, it shall he only after having first obligated any such pupil by a contract similar to the one contained in this paragraph not to practice or mention said treatment of the party of the first part without using said Toro’ preparations of the party of the first part.
“In testimony Whereof the parties hereto have hereunto affixed their signatures and seals at St. Louis, Missouri, the day and year first aforesaid..
“Mrs. Maggie Bedford (Seal).
“Annie M. Pope (Seal).
“Witnesses: Lena Love, Mrs. Octavia A. Rainey.”
Plaintiff’s name was affixed to the contract as Annie M. Pope, but she testified that since the date of the instrument she had been divorced and resumed, in connection with her name by marriage, her maiden name, Turnho, and now calls herself Annie M. Pope-Turnbo. Plaintiff taught her system of hair and scalp treatment
“In the beginning you take the hair down and brush it, then we dry clean it; this process means to take the dandruff off the scalp with a brush, then apply soap, massage the hair, then wash the soap out and dry the hair and after that apply Poro Pressing Oil, then when we finish the treatment, we apply Poro Hair Grower to the entire scalp with the use of Poro Temple Grower.”
Defendant described plaintiff’s process about as the latter did, saying it consisted of nothing hut taking a comb, scraping the dandruff off the scalp, washing the hair and pressing it, a process defendant said she had been using four or five years previous to the date of the contract; that if a customer came to her for treatment she scraped the dandruff out, working with a comb, washed the hair and scalp in a tub of water, pressed the hair out and put a little oil on it. Defendant testified she applied to plaintiff to he taught the latter’s method, paid twenty-five dollars, and afterwards the contract was presented to her and she signed it without reading, but would not have signed it she had known it hound her to use Poro preparations forever. After receiving a diploma from plaintiff, defendant began to practice at her own home No. 3964A Finney avenue, St. Louis, plaintiff’s place of business being No. 2223 Market street. Defendant must have commenced to practice in September, 1907 and she testified she used plaintiff’s Poro decoctions until March, 1908, then ceased to use them and instead used her own preparation known as Bedford’s Wonderful Hair Grower. On March 21, 1907, defendant inserted this advertisement in a newspaper published in St. Louis and admitted to have a wide circulation:
*696 “Mrs. Bedford, 3964A Finney avenue, is now in business for berself. Sbe was formerly a pupil of Mrs. A. M.' Pope, nee Turnbo, and thoroughly understands her business and guarantees all work. She would be pleased to have you give her a call. Telephone, Lindell 2646.”
Plaintiff testified her process of treatment of the hair and scalp was a secret one for which she had built up a reputation and it was becoming famous; that plaintiff was known in St. Louis and over the country to cause hair to grow rapidly on people’s heads; that the secret of the treatment consisted in the application of the Poro remedies to the hair and scalp. She said these remedies produced a growth of hair as had been proved in many instances; that when defendant applied for instruction, defendant said she was using a treatment different from plaintiff’s but wanted to learn the latter’s so defendant could “establish herself in business on the same basis.” There was testimony to prove the treatment administered by defendant, in the course of which her remedies were used on patients instead of plaintiff’s, did not yield a good result. One patient treated by defendant testified the latter said she was doing the same work plaintiff was, and only “used a different soap;” that in connection with the treatment defendant applied to the hair and scalp two remedies called Temple Grower and Bedford’s Wonderful Hair Grower. Another witness testified she had taken plaintiff’s treatment for three years and had been benefited; that she was nearly bald when she commenced the course and it had improved the growth of her hair.
I. The petition in this case might be considered either a bill in equity to restrain defendant from advertising or saying she had been a pupil of plaintiff and had learned plaintiff’s system and method of treatment, unless defendant practiced the same method and treatment, and also to enjoin her from practicing the system with
II. There is another phase to the case: The petition accuses defendant of telling her patients she had learned her system of treatment from plaintiff, and of advertising herself as plaintiff’s pupil after she had ceased to apply the latter’s remedies and was applying her own. It is alleged the reputation of plaintiff’s business, her method of treating the hair and her preparations were being greatly damaged by said conduct, which constituted a breach of the agreement and worked detriment to plaintiff’s business and the reputation she had established for her system, by “imposing responsibility for the harmful, deleterious and inadequate results of the use of said ‘Bedford’s Wonderful Hair Grower.’ ” The testimony for plaintiff conduced to prove she had established a good will for her remedies and system of treatment and was enjoying an increasing business. This testimony is uncontradicted and must be accepted as true. The good will of her preparations and system of treatment is a species of property. [14 Ency. Law (2 Ed.), 1086; Beebe v. Hatfield, 67 Mo. App. 609; Met. Nat’l Bank v. Dispatch Co., 36 Fed. 722.] It was of value to plaintiff and she had the right to protect it from unfair competition by inserting a restrictive stipulation in contracts made with pupils to prevent them from leading the public to believe they applied plaintiff’s remedies when, in fact, they applied others less efficacious. [Goodyear, etc., Co. v. Rubber Co., 128 U. S. 598; Lawrence Mfg. Co. v. Tenn. Mfg. Co., 138 U. S. 537; Hopkins on Unfair Trade, section 12 and notes.] Probably she would have the same right in the absence
The judgment entered below dismissing plaintiff’s bill and denying any relief by injunction will be reversed and the cause will be remanded with directions to enter judgment that defendant be enjoined from mentioning to patients she had learned from plaintiff the latter’s method of treatment of the scalp and hair, and from advertising herself as the former’s pupil unless she uses plaintiff’s Poro preparations instead of her own in treating patients; and that the costs of this action be taxed against the defendant.