1931 BTA LEXIS 1632 | B.T.A. | 1931
Lead Opinion
The net income of the business conducted under the name of Dives, Pomeroy & Stewart for the period from September 21, 1922, the date of Dives’ death, to June 30, 1923, the closing business day before the agreement between Pomeroy and the executors of Dives’ estate became effective, was $552,671.47. We are asked to make an allocation of these earnings between the estate of the deceased partner and the survivor, not for the purpose of distributing the money, but to fix the basis upon which the tax liability resulting from the receipt of or the right to receive the money may be determined.
Petitioners contend that these earnings should be divided equally between these parties, for the reason that a partnership, with division of the earnings thereof upon an equal basis, existed between them during this period. In support of this contention it is urged that the agreement of March 30, 1903, discloses an intention that the business should be continued as an equal partnership until a settlement of the interest of the deceased partner could be effected by one of the methods set forth therein; that respondent is bound by statements made in the reports of his revenue agents treating the business as a partnership during this period and stating that it terminated upon the operation of the agreement of April 23,1923; and that Hellman v. United States, 70 Ct. Cls. 498, is controlling of the case at bar and requires that the tax returns filed by Pomeroy reporting the business during this period upon the basis of an equal partnership must be accepted as correct.
With this contention we can not agree. The partnership between Dives and Pomeroy was terminated by Dives’ death. The contract of March 30, 1903, provided various methods by which a settlement of his interest in the partnership might be effected, but as to the division of earnings between the date of death and the date of settlement it was silent. While the agreement contained no express provision permitting the survivor to continue the business after the death of his partner, the implication was that the business should be continued until the deceased’s interest could be settled, since it was stated that one of the purposes of the contract was to obviate “ interruption to business.” But the fact that the operation was to be continued does not mean that the division of earnings should con
We attach no importance to petitioner’s argument that the statements made in the revenue agent’s report relative to the termination of the partnership are controlling of this case. The rule that the conclusions of law of the revenue agent are in nowise binding upon respondent or upon this Board is too well established to merit citation or further discussion.
Petitioners’ position is not sustained by the opinion of Hellmam v. United States, supra. In that case the Commissioner of Internal Revenue sought to change the amounts chargeable as distributable income to the various members of a partnership from that disclosed by the partnership books and the tax returns on the ground that, in the case of one partner, the amount so disclosed was in excess of the percentage to which that partner was entitled under the partnership agreement. The discrepancy not being explained by the evidence, the court held that his distributable share had been shown by the best evidence available and refused to deviate from the amounts reflected by the books and tax returns of the partnership. We have no such question in the case at bar.
There is no question but that the Dives estate had the right to some share of these earnings. It was entitled to an accounting, and a distribution of the partnership assets and earnings, and could have obtained the same in a court of equity had the parties been unable to agree upon a reasonable basis of division. But here the parties did agree upon such a division. We have no doubt that the court would be guided by an agreement between the parties and that, if the parties themselves were satisfied therewith, equity would be satisfied. We ask no better guide for ourselves in the solution of the problem before us. The contract of April 23, 1923, clearly provides,
In accordance with our conclusions, the profits earned by the business during the periods September 20 to December 31, 1922, and January 1 to June 30, 1923, should be taxed to Pomeroy, except $176,250 thereof, which should be allocated to and deducted from the earnings during each of said periods in accordance with the ratio of earnings of said periods.
. Despondent, in his brief, urges that Pomeroy’s taxable income be increased in the amounts of $51,316.88 for the period September 20 to December 31, 1922, and $84,933.12 for the period January 1 to June 30, 1923, on the ground that these amounts are interest, determined under clause 8 of the contract of April 23, 1923, and represented, not Dives’ share of the profits of the business, but a part of the purchase price of the Dives interest therein, and are therefore not deductible from Pomeroy’s income, under the authority of Willard C. Hill et al., 14 B. T. A. 572. While we fully recognize the principle of that case, we think it is not here applicable. In the case at bar the computation of interest on the sum of $3,750,000 served merely as a method of determining the portion of accumulated earnings to be paid the Dives estate. The amount of $176,250 was not interest, nor a part of the purchase price of Dives’ share of the partnership assets, but it was that portion of the accumulated earnings to which the parties agreed the estate was entitled.
Petitioners point out that by the deficiency notice Pomeroy is twice taxed upon the item of $40,000 paid him as compensation for his services as liquidating trustee and as salary for conducting the
Reviewed by the Board.
Judgment will be entered fursuant to Rule 50.
Dissenting Opinion
dissenting: The prevailing opinion holds that the Pomeroy estate is liable for tax on some income, but it does not disclose whether it holds that that income represents Pomeroy’s distributive share of the income of a partnership, or his share of the income of a joint venture. The opinion permits the amount of taxable income for each year to be fixed retroactively by an agreement of the parties. This agreement was not intended to settle the rights of the parties to income as of the end of each year in question, but was a complete adjustment of their rights in the business. In my judgment, Pomeroy’s tax liability for each year should be determined on the basis of and is fixed by his rights at the end of that year, and does not depend upon any subsequent agreement of the parties. The parties may give up certain rights under a subsequent agreement, but they can not retroactively change their tax liability.
dissenting: The partners shared equally in the partnership profits, notwithstanding the fact that Dives’ interest in the business was greater than Pomeroy’s. In 1903, Dives’ interest was $522,046.94 and Pomeroy’s interest $444,552.99. At the death of Dives, his interest (net worth) in the business, as reflected on the books, was $2,697,499.47, while Pomeroy’s interest (net worth) was $2,176,511.07, a difference of more than $500,000. These figures are taken from the exhibits which were attached to the stipulation and made a part of the findings of fact by reference.
Dives’ interest passed to his estate on his death, and from that date until the settlement on June 30, 1923, the estate was entitled at least to the same proportion of profits of the business as Dives would have been entitled to had he lived, namely, one-half of the income arising from the business. The fact that the executors did not withdraw one-half of the profits or that one-half was not actually distributed to such executors, does not alter the situation. The earnings of the estate’s share were constructively received by the executors.
At the time of the settlement effected on July 2, 1923, the Dives estate had the right to a certain portion of the assets and also a claim for the profits earned on that interest subsequent to Dives’ death. The claim of the estate for the profits accrued on the estate’s interest was settled for $176,250, an amount of money equal to 6 per cent of $3,750,000 from the date of death of Dives to the date of settlement, and this amount of money was excluded from the assets of the partnership wliich both the Dives estate and Pomeroy joined in conveying to the corporation. I see nothing in the fact that the estate’s claim for its share of the profits earned between the date of death of Dives and the date of settlement was, under the circumstances, settled for a less amount than one-half the actual earnings of the period, to justify the conclusion that at the time the income accrued the Dives estate had no claim to more than the amount subsequently agreed upon in settlement. The very language used in the agreement of settlement justifies the inference that the Dives estate had a claim for more than the amount agreed upon in settlement of the claim — “ which said amount shall be paid to the executors in full settlement of any claim they may have for profits accrued on the partnership business from the date of death of Josiah Dives.”
In my opinion, therefore, Pomeroy should not be taxed on more than one-half the earnings of the business during the period involved.