53 Mo. App. 600 | Mo. Ct. App. | 1893
— The only question presented by the-record is whether or not the trial court erred in overruling the motion of the defendant to set aside the-verdict, which was for plaintiff, based upon the single ground that one of the jurors returning the verdict was. at the time over sixty-five years of age, which fact, being unknown to defendant until after the verdict was returned into court.
It is contended that, since the county of Buchanan contains a city, the city of St. Joseph, having according to the last preceding national census more than fifty thousand inhabitants, juries in that county shall be selected with the qualifications and in the manner' required by the provisions of the act of April 1, 1891. Sessions Acts, 1891, p. 172. This contention we think, should be sustained. But the defendant further contends that, inasmuch as the eighth section of that, act provides that none of the persons named in the section, among whom are persons over the age of' sixty-five years, shall he permitted to serve as jurors, that' when a person of any one of the prohibited classes named in the section shall serve that this violates.
It is provided in other sections of the act that it is the duty of the county court to cause to be made under its supervision by the clerk a complete list alphabetically arranged of all the qualified jurors of the county. From these lists are to be drawn the number of jurors which may be ordered by the circuit court. Jurors so selected aré prima fade competent and must be so regarded by us. Thompson & Merriam on Juries, sec. 262. It was the duty of the court to superintend the selection of the jury in order that it might be composed of fit persons. And its action in this regard is not th« subject of review unless some violation of law is involved or the 'exercise of a gross and injurious discretion is shown. State v. Ward, 74 Mo. 253; Thompson & Merriam on Juries, sec. 258; Head v. State, 44 Miss. 731; Smith v. State, 55 Ala. 1; Grady v. Earley, 18 Cal. 108; Hubbotter v. State, 32 Tex. 479.
In this state it has long been the law that, when the incompetency of a juror was known to a complaining party before the trial, and he then fails to make timely objection on that account, after the verdict such objection is not available to him. (Lisle v. State, 6 Mo. 426); and where the ground of the new trial is the incompetency of a juror the party making the objection must satisfy the court that such objections were not within Ms knotvledge or that of Ms attorneys in season to have urged them sooner, otherwise they will be held to have been waived. And it is not sufficient on a motion for a new trial that the party and his attorney at the time the jury was impanelled were ignorant of the incompetency of a person for a juror and that he was believed to be incompetent. He must have at the proper time examined the juror, touching his qualifi cation. Nothing short of this will constitute
The record in this case discloses the fact that the ■defendant did not in the first place, as it was his duty to have done, examine the juror as to his competency, in the respect referred to, at the time the jury was impanelled. People v. Sanford, supra. He could have then ascertained, if he had chosen to do so, the juror’s disqualification, but instead he elected to take his trial with him. Plaving thus deliberately taken his chances of a favorable verdict he ought not to be heard to object that a juror of his own choosing was lacking in the statutory qualification. Not only this, but the defendant in support of his motion to set aside the verdict, did not show that neither he nor his attorney were unaware of the disqualification of the juror at the time the jury were sworn to try the case, and so does not bring himself within the rule already stated.
By an examination of the foregoing authorities we think it will be seen that, where a party permits without ■objection the jurors to be sworn to try the case without first examining them on their oaths touching their ■qualifications, he cannot raise the objection after verdict that any one or all of them did not possess the requisite qualifications, and this, too, without a statute similar to section 6061 of Revised Statutes.
Section 9 of the act provides, that any party may challenge a juror for cause for any reason mentioned in the section 8 of the act, and also for any cause authorized by the laws of the state. But there is no provision in the act declaring what shall be the effect of a failure to challenge after the jury is sworn. But, by turning to said section 6061, we find that no exception shall be taken to a juror on account of his citizenship, non-residence, state, age or other legal disabilities shall be allowed after the jury is sworn.
And as was said in State v. Ross, 29 Mo. 52-53: “The policy of the statute is doubtless to promote fairness and impartiality of the trial by jury, and, while the statutory requirements would tend to subserve this purpose, still the absence of certain requisites, according to that standard in a juror, is not necessarily inconsistent with an impartial trial, and these requisites a party may waive. They are such as he may inform himself of; and when no question is made before the jury is sworn, he is presumed to have waived them.”
In any view of the ease which we have been able to take, we think that the defendant waived the right to object to the juror, and that the trial court did not err in its ruling. The judgment is affirmed.