Piotrowski v. Czerwinski

138 Wis. 396 | Wis. | 1909

Barnes, J.

Under tbe findings made by tbe court this action might well have been dismissed under tbe provisions of sec. 2605, Stats. (1898), because not brought by tbe real party in interest and becarxse it was not shown tbat tbe plaintiff came within any of tbe exceptions confabbed in tbe statute.

Tbe contention of tbe appellant is tbat tbe findings do not support -tbe judgment. Erom them it appears tbat Kowalski is a nonresident; tbat be is insolvent; tbat be honestly owes the defendants sums exceeding tbe amount of tbe notes sued on; and that if they cannot set off the indebtedness due from him against the plaintiff they must lose it altogether.

Subd. 3, sec. 2656, provides that, where a plaintiff is a nonresident of the state, any cause of action arising within the state and existing at the commencement of the action may be pleaded as a counterclaim, with one exception not material here. Sec. 2606 provides that, in case of an assignment of a thing in action, the action of the assignee shall be without prejudice to any setoff or other defense existing at the time or before notice of the assignment. The section does not apply to a negotiable promissory note .transferred in good faith before due. Sec. 4258 provides the cases in which a demand by one party may be set off as a defense in whole or in part to the demands of the other. If the action or counterclaim be founded upon a contract, such setoff must be founded on contract, express or implied, and must be due to the party in 'his own right, and must have existed at the time of the commencement of the action and must have then belonged to the party claiming to set off the same.

Subd. 5 of the section reads:

“If the action or counterclaim be founded upon a contract, other than a negotiable promissory note or bill of exchange-, which has been assigned to the party a demand existing against such party or any assignor of such contract, at the time of his assignment thereof and belonging to the opposite party, in good faith before notice of such assignment, may be set off to the amount otherwise recoverable upon such contract if the demand be such as might have been set off against the party or assignor while the contract belonged to him.”

Sec. 4264 provides that setoff-shall be pleaded as a counterclaim.

If the indebtedness from Kowalski to the defendants was ;a joint indebtedness due them, there could be no question about the right of the defendants to set the same'up as a counterclaim in this action. There is authority which holds that, •under statutes permitting setoffs and counterclaims to be pleaded, any defendant may plead any proper matter tbat is-tbe subject of setoff or counterclaim in reduction of damages--which the plaintiff might otherwise be entitled to recover,, where the action is brought on a joint and several liability-against several defendants. Pomeroy, Code Rem. (3d ed.) §§ 755, 761; Wilson v. Exchange Bank, 122 Ga. 495, 50 S. E. 357; Austin v. Feland, 8 Mo. 309; Leach v. Lambeth, 14 Ark. 668. And in Powell v. Hogue, 8 B. Mon. 443, it is-held, under like statutes, that one of several defendants sued upon a joint note may set off a demand due to himself from, the plaintiff against the demand due upon the joint note. Im the case at bar the trial court held that the matter set up in. the answers of the defendants constituted equitable counterclaims, and offset the amounts due thereon against the-amounts due upon the notes. The indebtedness of the defendants being joint, the trial court was evidently of the opinion that the causes of action set forth in the answers of the defendants did not constitute legal counterclaims.

The judgment rendered by the circuit court was correct. The payee named in the notes was a nonresident and was insolvent. Assuming that the defendants could not counterclaim at law, it was within the province of a court of equity, and it was entirely proper for it, to afford the relief granted-against the insolvent debtor. Smith v. Dickinson, 100 Wis. 574, 578, 76 N. W. 766; Pendleton v. Beyer, 94 Wis. 31, 68 N. W. 415; Seligmann v. Heller Bros. C. Co. 69 Wis. 410, 34 N. W. 232.

“A court of equity will permit such equitable setoff whenever justice requires it, even in a case not coming within the-statute of setoffs.” Jones v. Piening, 85 Wis. 264, 268, 55 N. W. 413.

It was also within tire right of any of the defendants to-set off his entire claim against that, of the plaintiff in order to reduce the amount he might be called upon to pay in the event of execution being issued upon the judgment. The-offsetting of such claims against the plaintiff in this action would bar the defendants from thereafter beginning any action against Kowalski upon the claim so offset.

By ihe Court. — Judgment affirmed.