Defendant Holly Sugar Corporation appeals from a judgment entered pursuant to a jury verdict in favor of plaintiff in an action brought to recover damages for injuries which he sustained when a freight elevator on which he was riding dropped from the third to the ground floor in defendant’s Santa Ana sugar plant building. There is no dispute as to the nature and extent of plaintiff’s injuries.
Appellant asserts as grounds for reversal of the judgment that the trial court erred in permitting the introduction of certain testimony and in the giving of instructions.
The circumstances under which plaintiff’s injuries were received are as follows: On May 28, 1949, the day of the accident, plaintiff, who was employed as a road salesman by Bowie Pie Company, entered defendant’s building, carrying an order of 10 pies for delivery to a cafeteria situated and operated on the third floor. In order to deliver his merchandise, it was necessary that plaintiff climb stairs to the third floor, use a “manlift,” or a freight elevator or hoist. The stairway lead *300 ing from the first to the second floor was located inside the building immediately west of the south entrаnce and the freight hoist and manhoist were immediately to the west of the stairway. The freight hoist had a platform without sides and was approximately 5 feet square. This platform was raised and lowered by means of a % inch wire cable which wound around a drum attached to and operated by an electric motor. In raising the platform of the hoist, the cable wound around the drum as the drum revolved. When the drum turned in the other direction, the cable unwound and lowered the platform. The hoist was operated by means of two ropes which extended from the first floor to the switch on the motor. By pulling the “up rope,” the switch made contact, causing the cable to wind onto the drum. Conversely, by pulling the “down rope,” the switch made contact, causing the cable to unwind. Around the square opening where the platform rested on the first floor was a fence, with gatеs constructed of pipe, and on one of the gates was a sign reading “Freight only. No Passengers Allowed.”
The “manlift,” which was situated immediately west of the hoist, had a sign upon it reading 1 ‘ Employees Only. ’ ’ The lift consisted of an endless belt extending vertically from the first to the fourth floor. The belt rolled counterclockwise around two rollers, one being fastened at the first floor and the other at the fourth. At spaced intervals on this belt were smаll platforms upon which to stand and “hand-holds” which the rider could grasp while riding the lift.
Upon entering the building, plaintiff first placed a box containing seven pies on the manlift, carrying three others on his left arm. He stepped оn the platform on which the pies were placed and prepared to ascend. However, someone on an upper floor started the manlift in motion, the pies were spilled on the floor and plaintiff returned to his truck for more pies. Upon reentering the building, he placed his merchandise upon the elevator, intending to use it as he had done on previous occasions. Plaintiff testified that a Mr. Hants, an employee of defendant, was at the time working near the elevator and manlift and when he asked Mr. Hants if it were all right to use the elevator, Hants replied “Sure. Go ahead.” Plaintiff then started the elevator by pulling on thе “up rope” and when the hoist had reached the third floor level, it stopped, the wire cable parted and the platform dropped to the first floor with plaintiff, resulting in serious injuries to him.
Plaintiff testified that previous tо the accident he had ridden
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on the freight hoist on two different occasions and that before using it, he had used the manlift two or three times in “going up.” He further testified that on his first visit to the premises, he met a man on the stairs, dressed in blue denim clothing, who showed him the location and manner of operation of the manlift and freight hoist. Defendant’s first contention is that the court erred in admitting this testimony and aruges that plaintiff failed to sustain the burden of prоof that the man on the stairs was an employee of defendant corporation and acting within the scope of his employment. Under the circumstances shown by the record, the jury was entitled to infer that the man on the stairs was an employee of defendant and where one is performing work and labor for another, prima facie evidence of employment is shown and such person is presumed to be a servant in the absence of evidence to the contrary.
(Robinson
v.
George,
It is next contended that the court erred in admitting in evidence the statement of Mr. Hants, an employee of defendant, made to plaintiff as he was about to use the elevator immediately prior to the accident. At that time plaintiff asked Mr. Hants if he сould use the elevator and Hants replied “Sure. Go ahead.” Objection was made to this testimony on the same grounds as urged in defendant’s first contention and the court stated that the conversation with Hants was admitted for the limited purpose previously stated and that the instructions given by Hants did not show that they were pursuant to any authority of the defendant. In this eonnee *302 tion, the jury was instructed that the defendant was not liable for the act of any person in granting permission to ride the freight hoist unless it was shown that the act of giving permission, if permission were given, was within the scope of such person’s agency or employment. Under the circumstances shown, nо prejudicial error was committed in the admission of either of the conversations in question.
Defendant argues that the court erred in giving as instructions to the jury certain orders of the Division of Industrial Safety and instructing the jury that thе violation of any of such orders constituted negligence per se. The orders referred to were orders, rules and regulations issued in conformity with the provisions of sections 6312 and 6500 of the Labor Code. These orders and regulаtions provide generally for the installation and maintenance of proper bumpers, guardrails, hoist way gates, final limit stopping devices, slack cable devices, the proper rope cables, correct and counterweight safety devices, sheaves and safety factors to be used in the construction and operation of elevators. In this connection, the court also instructed the jury as to the provisions of sections 7300 and 7304 of the Labor Code relative to the inspection of elevators and the issuance of permits for the operation thereof.
Evidence was introduced to show that the , elevator in question was not equipped and operated as required by these rules and regulations. Defendant’s objections to these instructions are that the benefit of the safety orders and Labor Code provisions is restricted to a situation where an employer-employee relationship
exists;
that in the instant case the plaintiff is not entitled to the benefits of the safety provisions because at the time of the acсident he was an employee of the Bowie Pie Company and not an employee of defendant. We conclude that the safety orders and the provisions of the Labor Code referred to were intеnded not only to protect employees of defendant corporation but also as safeguards for the public generally against injury or loss of life and that it was proper to instruct the jury as to such rules and regulations and provisions in the instant case.
(McKeon
v.
Lissner,
Finally, defendant contends that plaintiff was a trespasser and argues that since there was no wilful or wanton misconduct on the part of the defendant, he is not entitled to rеcover. Defendant concedes that plaintiff was an invitee when he entered the premises for the purpose of delivering his mer
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chandise to the third floor cafeteria but argues that he became а trespasser when he left the stairs and went to the elevator. The point is not well taken. Admittedly, the plaintiff entered defendant’s premises on the day of the accident as a business invitee with merchandise to be dеlivered to the company’s cafeteria therein. The building housed an elevator to carry freight to the upper floors. The elevator had been previously pointed out to the plaintiff with instructions as to its usе. Plaintiff’s invitation extended to those portions of the premises where under the circumstances and conditions of his invitation he would naturally be likely to go.
(Gastine
v.
Ewing,
Judgment affirmed.
Barnard, P. J., and Griffin, J., concurred.
A petition for a rehearing was denied November 26, 1951, and appellant’s petition for a hearing by the Supreme Court was denied January 3, 1952.