34 Cal. 334 | Cal. | 1867
Lead Opinion
The plaintiffs’ deed describes the initial point in the boundary of the land conveyed as being “ at a point of the boundary of said r-ancho,” and as being “ the middle or center of the well known point called the Portezuela de las Animas.” As the boundaries of the said rancho have been finally surveyed and located, no point in said boundary coincides with the middle or center of the Portezuela, and the question is, where is the initial point? By taking a point in the middle of the Portezuela as the starting point, and running the other lines according to the calls, they will not close without abandoning the last call, and running a straight line to the point of beginning. Such a course would be adopted in a proper case. When there are conflicting descriptions, ordinarily that one must be adopted which is most certain and stable, and least likely to be mistaken or affected by errors, Upon this principle it is a
In such case the point in the boundary would be as definite and certain as the point in the middle of the Portezuela, and would correspond better with the other calls and with the probable intention of the parties, apparent from the surrounding circumstances. And the intention of the parties should be ascertained by a consideration of the entire description. For the reasons suggested we think it not advisable to finally determine the location of the initial point from the facts stated in the present record. A new trial should be had, that the facts may be more fully investigated. The point will, therefore, be left open, to be further illustrated by the facts brought out on the next trial.
Judgment and order denying a new trial reversed and a new trial granted.
Concurrence Opinion
The only question to he determined in this case is, where is the true point of beginning of the description of the land contained in the deed from the source of title under which the plaintiffs claim. The description designates the place of beginning to be at the middle or center of the well known point, called the Portezuelo de las Animas, and running thence northerly in the direction of the center of the Laguna Seca one Spanish league; thence at an angle to the south side of the hill known as the Loma de las Lagrimas; thence in a line of the boundary which constitutes the division line between the Rancho de la Yerba Buéna and the rancho known as Santa Teresa, in the direction of the rancho known as the Rancho de Alvirez, until it reaches the boundary line which divides said Rancho de la Yerba Buena from said Rancho de Alvirez; and following the last mentioned boundary line to the place of beginning.
The Yerba Buena Rancho was confirmed as a valid claim, and a patent therefor was granted to Antonio Chaboya. The decree of confirmation, on which the patent was issued, described the Yerba Buena as bounded on the south by said Portezuela de las Animas, and the patent so describes it. The Court finds, that the decree of confirmation calls for the Portezuelo and an oak tree at it as the southern boundary of the Yerba Buena Rancho. There is no oak tree at the Portezuela, but there is a marked oak tree in the southern boundary line of the Yerba Buena, and the Portezuela is not in such boundary line, but sixteen and a half chains to the southeast of it. It is agreed on all hands that if the Portezuela be adopted as the point of commencing the description of the plaintiffs’ lands, the premises in controversy belong to them; but if the point of beginning be placed on the line sixteen and a half chains northwest of the Portezuela, then they have no title to the demanded premises, and, consequently, no right to recover.
The description in the deed under which the plaintiffs
It is a pirinciple well settled that in the location of a grant, that which is most certain and material in the description shall control that which is less so, and when there is a known and well ascertained place of beginning it must govern. (Jackson v. Wendell, 5 Wend. 146, 147.) In the case here cited the Court say : “ It is immaterial how many natural monuments there may be in the courses given; the place of beginning is the controlling point, and if rendered certain, no matter in what manner, it cannot be abandoned and another position assumed as the starting point.”
It is also a principle well settled that in the description of a tract of land in a deed of conveyance the highest regard is
The point of beginning, specified in the deed of Chaboya, is the “ middle or center of the well known point called the Portezuela de las Animas.” It cannot be doubted that both grantor and grantee well understood the point of beginning in the description of the land mentioned in the deed, to be at. the center of the Portezuela, because they could not well be mistaken respecting the place named, as it was an object of permanence and notoriety at the time Chaboya conveyed the land to which the plaintiffs now have the title.
The place of beginning being established at the center of the Portezuela, it should be adhered to as the controlling point in the description of the plaintiffs’ land.
I am of the opinion the judgment should be reversed, and new trial ordered.
Mr. Justice Shatter expressed no opinion.