Earl H. PICONE v. Bernard LYONS, et al.
No. 92-C-0350.
Supreme Court of Louisiana.
July 1, 1992.
Rehearing Denied September 3, 1992.
601 So.2d 1375
William Gregory Merritt, Scott Eric Silbert, Lombard & Silbert, Metairie, William Francis Bologna, Habans, Bologna & Carriere, New Orleans, Susan Stagg Robinson, Laborde & Neuner, Lafayette, Lawrence Joseph Centola, Jr., Carrie A. Jourdan, Donald A. Hoffman, Brian Gerard Meissner, Ann Marie LeBlanc, Hoffman, Sutterfield, Ensenat & Bankston, New Orleans, Douglas Watson Redfearn, Gary Mark Zwain, Duplass, Witman, Zwain & Williams, Metairie, Patrick J. Hanna, Rebecca Feeney Doherty, Onebane, Donohoe, Bernard, Torian, Diaz, McNamarа & Abell, Lafayette, Elizabeth Denise Mackay, Metairie, John Emerson Galloway, John J. Erny, III, Jack E. Chappuis, Jr., Galloway, Johnson, Tompkins & Burr, Milton L. LeBlanc, Jr., Hilleren, Bains & LeBlаnc, Craig Robert Nelson, Christina Papastavros Fay, Hulse, Nelson & Wanek, New Orleans, for respondents.
WATSON, Justice.
In this suit for silicosis damages, the issue is prescription of Earl H. Picone‘s clаims against nine manufacturers of protective devices utilized by his employers. Picone‘s attorney filed a timely suit against executive officers of those employers. Almost twelve years later, Picone‘s subsequent attorney amended to name the manufacturers as defendants. The trial court dismissed plaintiff‘s amended complaint. The court of appeal affirmed, holding that the delay of аlmost twelve years violated the manufacturers’ right to due process under
FACTS
The initial suit, alleging that Picone contracted silicosis from employment as a sandblaster between 1962 and 1975, was filed on September 28, 1976. Sixty executive officers of his sixteen former employеrs were named as defendants. Picone claimed that the executive officers’ negligent failure to provide him with proper safety equipment and a safe work environment resulted in silicosis, a progressive lung disorder. Picone also named ABC Manufacturing Company as the fictitious manufacturer of the defective safety equipment and its insurer.
On April 8, 1988, Picone filed an amended complaint spеcifying nine manufacturers of the protective devices used by his employers between 1962 and 1975. The new defendants: Pauli & Griffin Company, Inc.; Sandair Corporation; Lone Star Industries, Inc.; Mine Safety Appliances Company; Pulmosan Safety Equipment Corporation; Mayronne Enterprises, Inc.; Mississippi Valley Silica Company; Clemco Industries and E.D. Bullard Company, were alleged to be solidary obligors with the original defendants. The added defendants filed an exception of prescription. The trial court sustained the exception. The сourt of appeal affirmed, holding that prescription was interrupted by the original suit, but the new defendants were denied due proсess by the delay of almost twelve years.
LAW
Statutes of limitation ... are by definition arbitrary, and their operation does not discriminate between the just and the unjust claim, or the avoidable and unavoidable delay. They have come into
the law not through the judicial process but through legislation. They represent a public policy about the privilege to litigate. Their shelter has never been regarded as what now is called a “fundamental” right or what used to be called a “natural” right of the individual.
“There is no prescriptiоn other than that established by legislation.”
Delictual actions are subject to а liberative prescription of one year, which runs from the day injury or damage is sustained.
When liberative prescription limits the right to seek legal redress for harm, thе natural obligation to repair the harm remains.
Due process requires notice and an opportunity to be heard. Bass v. Yazoo & M.V.R. Co., 136 La. 528, 67 So. 355 (1915). Due process rights are not affected by state tort legislation which has a reasonable basis. Martinez, supra. Legislation fixing prescriptive periods and the basis for their interruption must bear a rational relationship to a legitimate state interest. Burmaster v. Gravity Drainage Dist. No. 2, 366 So.2d 1381 (La.1978).
CONCLUSION
A prescriptive period represents the legislature‘s policy determination that society would best be served by abatement of a causе of action. Picone‘s original petition was timely. Because of Picone‘s allegations that the added defendants are sоlidarily liable for his injuries, prescription was interrupted if defendants are ultimately found to be solidarily liable. Interruption of prescription for solidary obligors is rationally related to the state‘s interest in providing full compensation to tort victims and holding defendants resрonsible for their delicts. It allows plaintiffs to name defendants unknown when suit was filed. There is no due process violation under the Louisianа Constitution or the United States Constitution.
DECREE
For the foregoing reasons, the exception of prescription is referred to the merits, tо be ruled on at such time as the liability of the defendants is determined. The judgments of the trial court and the court of appeal are reversed, and the case is remanded for further proceedings.
REVERSED AND REMANDED.
LEMMON, J., concurs and assigns reasons.
COLE, J., dissents for reasons assigned.
Earl H. PICONE v. Bernard LYONS, et al.
No. 92-C-0350.
Supreme Court of Louisiana.
July 1, 1992.
601 So.2d 1375
COLE, Justice, dissenting.
An essential purpose of liberative prescription is to provide defendants with timely notice of impending claims. Hence,
While I agree with the premise that interruption of prescription as to one solidary obligor is continuous and prevents prescription from running as to all solidary obligors, see
The majority opinion fаils to identify any action by plaintiff prior to the amended petition which would have provided the manufacturers with notice of the сlaims. Nor does the majority articulate whether the plaintiff‘s delay in naming the manufacturers as defendants was reasonably attributablе to plaintiff‘s inability to discover the potentially liable parties. If taken to its logical conclusion, the majority would presumably permit the plaintiff to amend his petition to name additional defendants decades after the original suit, provided suit is pending against one solidary obligor. See Picone v. Lyons, 593 So.2d 829 (La. App. 4th Cir.1992). The injustice inherent in such a result is obvious.
For the reasons assigned, I respectfully dissent.