delivered the opinion of the court.
Thе plaintiffs filed their petition in the nature of a bill in equity to set aside a conveyance made by Case, as executor of Robert Stewart, deceased. It was alleged that the testator Stewart was seized at bis death of a large body of land and of personal property nearly sufficient to satisfy bis debts; and that by liis will he directed bis debts to be paid out of bis real estate, after exhausting his personal property ; that Casе, the executor of the will, fraudulently combined with the other defendants to sell six thousand acres of land, the property of the estate, for thе purpose of cheating and defrauding the heirs and creditors, and that the sale was made and the lands conveyed by the executor for the joint benefit of the executor and the defendants; that the six thousand acres were fraudulently sold to Stewart, one of the defendants, for six hundred
The answer denied all the allegations- in the bill. The cause was heard before the court on the proofs, and the issues were found for the defendants, and plaintiff’s bill was dismissed. The evidence utterly failed to show any combination bеtween the executor and the purchaser,or that there were any fraudulent practices at the sale. The sale of so large & quantity of land for so small a price, at first blush, appears startling, but the situation and real value of the land materially changes its aspect. It was swamp or overflowed land, and, with the exception of very inconsiderable portions, was worthless for cultivation. The evidence shows that frоm two to three months in the year it was nearly all submerged, and its principal value consisted in its timber. Great diversity among the witnesses existed as to its reаl worth.' There was one piece called the “long field,” including nearly a hundred acres that was estimated by some to be worth five dollars an аcre, but it was shown that its cultivation had been abandoned, and that it had been permitted, to grow up in brush, and a part of it had gone in the river. One witness stаted that the whole land was worth two dollars and a half an acre, and another placed it at one dollar and twenty-five cents; other witnеsses stated that, take it all together, it was worth from twenty-five to fifty cents per acre, and yet others put it at only eight and ten cents per aсre; and there was still other evidence showing that a large proportion of it was not worth paying taxes on. It is very evident that the land was not vаluable, and it is fair to'conclude that taken as a whole its marketable value did not exceed from thirty to forty cents per acre.
It is well settled that inadequacy of price, unaccompanied with fraud or unfair dealing, is not a distinct ground for re
It is contended thаt the property would have brought more had it been put up in smaller tracts. A witness by the name of Jackson says that he was present at the salе, and wanted to buy 400 acres, and that he had a slight idea of purchasing it if the laud had been sold in so small a quantity, but would not have paid more than from twеnty-five to fifty cents, an acre for it. A witness who was cleric at the sale and made a memorandum of it, shows how the sale was conducted, and thе price the land brought. The first tract put up contained 1990 acres, and was sold for $100; the next lot contained 1960 acres, and was sold for $120; the third lot contained
Now, if Jackson wanted to buy 400 acres — and he says that he had but a very slight idea of buying it — the facts show that' he coxxld have obtained in some instances about double, and in others nearly five times that amount for less than he was' willing *to pay for 400 acres. The presumption is that he was not very аnxious and no loss was suffered by not dividing the land to accommodate him.
The will gave the executor power to sell the land at either pxxblic or private sale for the payment of debts, and it is shown that the estate was insolvent, and the executor offered, to sell any of the land in any quantity to the creditors in payment of their debts, but they declined pxxrchasing, and refused to bid at the sale.
It was attempted to show that the purehaser has since derived some profit from the land on account of the sale of wood and logs; but if the sale was valid, whatever lie has made since cannot affect his title.
One other point is insisted upon. The will appointed four persons as executors and only one, the defendant Case, qualified. The will giving the power to sell and convey the land for the payment of debts, xxses this language: “which my executors are, hereby authorized and empowered to sell and convey for such pxxrpose.” It is now urged that Case alone could not execxxte the will; that it was neсessary for all the donees to join in the execution of the power. But there is nothing in this objection. Only one of them qualified, and the statute deсlares that where there are two or more persons appointed co-executors in any will, none shall have authority to act as such, or intermeddle, except those who give bond. (I ’Wagn. Stat., p. 72, § 11.) Case alone having qualified,, the whole duty and burden of executing the power devolved upon him, and him alone. We have failed to see anything in this record which woxxld jxxstify an interference with the judgment beloxv. Affirmed.