231 N.W. 14 | Minn. | 1930
The ordinance was pleaded as an absolute defense. It is true that the village has charge of the care and control of its streets, but that is for the purpose of keeping them open and fit for travel. The authority to regulate traffic or to exclude vehicles from any public street must come from the legislature. Defendant claims authority for this ordinance in L. 1885, p. 148, c. 145, § 50 (evidently the law under which it is organized) providing that all its "ordinances, rules and by-laws are hereby declared to have the force of law; Provided, They are not repugnant to the constitution and laws of the United States and the state of Minnesota." We do not understand *409
this section to confer general legislative power upon villages, but rather to grant power to enforce by penalties the ordinances, rules and by-laws enacted concerning those matters which by § 21 of that chapter have been expressly intrusted to the legislative power of the village council. We find no provision giving the village council authority to enact ordinances for the "general welfare" or the safety of its inhabitants so as thereunder to justify the ordinance in question. The suggestion of defendant that authority can be found in L. 1927, p. 563, c. 412, § 32, must be rejected, for the ordinance came into being four years prior to that law. On the authorities and arguments presented we are not prepared to say that the court erred in excluding the ordinance, for we doubt that the implied police power of the village is adequate authority for the ordinance in question, even though it strongly tends in that direction. State v. Sugarman,
It does not follow that because neither express nor implied power is found for the enactment of the ordinance the village council's consent to the school district closing those parts of the streets passing through the school grounds during the hours when many pupils are about is actionable negligence as a matter of law. Of course travel over a street may be stopped or diverted temporarily for good reasons rendering travel thereon a hazard, or when necessary to making repairs, notwithstanding the duty of the village to keep its streets open for travel. Since the advent of the automobile the need of stringent control and regulation of vehicular traffic in order to protect life and limb of persons on the streets of a municipality has become exceedingly urgent. Especially is this true in the vicinity of schools. With or without legal authority precautions are taken to protect school children by posting police officers where streets pass schools, by requiring vehicles to come to a full stop at the crossings where the children enter or leave the *410 school grounds, or by stop and go signals. Here some 2,000 pupils attend the school buildings on two adjacent blocks with a playground on the third block, and the authorities seek to bar vehicles, while these children are about, from only those parts of the streets intervening or separating the school grounds. The exclusion of vehicles during the hours attempted is so obviously dictated by what due care demands to protect the children attending the schools that those responsible therefor should not be held guilty of negligence unless the means adopted to divert the vehicles are such as the ordinarily prudent person would not use. The parts of the streets closed were not contiguous to any other property than that of the school district. No vehicle needed detour more than a block because of this temporary bar. Had the village police been posted to exclude the traffic where the chains so did, it would not seem possible that a person so excluded could maintain any action for violated right. We are of opinion that the issue whether the village was negligent in suffering the school district to use the chain and sign as it was used when plaintiff collided therewith should have been submitted to the jury and that the court erred in taking that issue from them.
Plaintiff claims that no error can be raised on the charge on an appeal from the judgment, and cites Hawley v. Town of Stuntz,
But plaintiff seeks also to justify the ruling that defendant was actionably negligent as a matter of law. The decisions in Larson v. *411
Ring,
"The record does not present a case of a reasonably necessary and temporary obstruction of a public street which is incident to its improvement or the improvement of an abutting lot."
The court properly submitted proximate cause and contributory negligence to the jury, but for the error in taking the issue of defendant's negligence from the jury the judgment must be reversed.
The judgment is reversed.